Rendezvous: ngamanen stasiun luar angkasa

In December 1965 Gemini 6 and Gemini 7 flew within 30 centimetres of each other, 300 km above the Earth. Diperlukeun dua taun teori jeung prakték pikeun ngahontal éta: usaha munggaran parantos nunjukkeun yén terbang langsung ka target anjeun, sapertos pilot bakal henteu damel dina orbit.

Nalika orbit, nalika orbit, nalika orbit, nalika orbit, nalika orbit.

Lihat

Sekabeh ing orbit ngetutake siji aturan: lower is faster. Orbit anu langkung handap langkung pondok, sareng pesawat ruang angkasa gerak gancang di sakurilingna, janten gains dina naon waé anu langkung luhur.

1. Launching into lower orbit, behind the target. Kapsul dijadwalkeun pikeun ngamimitian sababaraha jarak hareup stasiun sarta sakedik handapeun éta.
2. Pasang. Nalika dijupuk, kapsul iki bisa dibuwang. Here, 20 km below the station, it gains 1.6 degrees per orbit.
3. DurungSanggeus dioperasikeun, kapsul bakal diturunkeun ka orbit saterusna.
4. Kesimpulan. Satengah jam sanggeus pesawat diluncurkeun, éta ngaleupaskeun sinyal ka awak pesawat pikeun ngumumkeun kadatangan. At contact the closing speed is a few centimetres per second.

Ngerti

Periode orbital: T = 2π√(r³/μ). With μ = 398,600 km³/s²:

• Capsule at 400 km (r = 6,778 km): 92.6 minutes.
• Station at 420 km (r = 6,798 km): 93.0 minutes.

Saben orbit kapsul, stasiun iki mung nutupi 92.6/93.0 saka hiji lap: kapsul bisa ngasilake 360° × (1 − 92.6/93.0) ≈ 1.6°, kira-kira 190 km. Closing a 20° gap takes about 13 orbits, roughly 20 hours.

Transfer saka 400 kanggo 420 km regane udakara 5.6 m/s Pikeun unggal dua burns: leutik dibandingkeun jeung 7.7 km / s tina kecepatan orbit.

Master

Ing cedhak target, insinyur rendezvous nggunakake Clohessy-Wiltshire (Hill) persamaan: linearized gerakan ing aframe sing orbit karo target, karo x radial, y along-track lan n target rata-rata gerakan:

ym − 3n²x − 2nẏ = 0,   ÿ + 2nʒ = 0,   z̈ + n²z = 0

They explain the strange behaviour: a push forwards (+ẏ) makes the chaser rise (x grows) and then drift backwards. Jalan pendekatan diwangun sapanjang poros y (V-bar, ti tukang) atanapi poros x (R-bar, ti handap, dimana gerak alami ngabantosan rem), sareng aturan kaamanan supados mesin anu gagal henteu pernah nyababkeun tabrakan.