Ezinye izilimi kule ndawo zingaguqulwa ngemishini futhi zingafaka amaphutha. Usizo lokuthuthukisa Funda isiNgisi esisemthethweni
Amanzi angcolile ane-waste ehambayo.
I-Blue Initiative

Uthuli lwezilwandle nezilwandle

Umfula wonke uyisixhumi esixhunywe phezulu. Okuthuthukile emhlabeni namhlanje uzofika emfuleni ngoLwesibili, futhi umfula awuzoyibuyisela emuva.

Umanzi yizinto eziphilayo ezinamandla amakhulu. Isusa amaminerali ematsheni, ihambisa izithako ezibalulekile emifuleni nasezinhlanzini, futhi ihlanza ngokwayo uma ihamba. Kuningi kwembali lokhu kwakunembile: abantu babeka izidakamizwa emifuleni futhi ubuhle buyisusa. At today’s scale, with more than eight billion people and industrial farming on every continent, dilution stopped working long ago. Izinto esizisusa ezweni zifinyelela emfuleni.

I-Mississippi River delta ithwala isihlabathi eGoliweni laseMexico.
I-Mississippi River delta ithwala isihlabathi eGoliweni laseMexico. Lo manzi afanayo ahambisa izitshalo ezikhula ezindaweni zokutshala ezingaphezu kwengxenye yesithathu sezwe laseMelika. Isithombe: NASA

Indlela amanzi abangela ngayo ukuvuvukala

Ubuthi bufika ngezindlela ezimbili. Amakhompiyutha omthombo aphuma emgodini: i-wastewater outfall, ifektri drain, umgodi. Kulula ukuzithola futhi, uma unezimvume nokwelashwa, kulula ukuzilungisa. Amakhompiyutha asakazeka avela kuwo wonke amaphuzu: ukugeza izitshalo nezilwane eziphilayo, i-oyile ne-tyre powder ehlanza imizila, amagciwane asuka emithonjeni yembewu. Zinzima kakhulu, ngoba akukho ntambo eyodwa engakwazi ukuvala.

Izinhlekelele eziyinhloko yilezi:

  • Ama-nutrients. I-nitrogen ne-phosphorus kusuka ezithandweni, emhlabathini kanye nokudla okudliwayo. Emanzini badla izitshalo eziphila emhlabathini, ezikhula, zifa futhi zilahleka, zisebenzisa i-oxygen enhlanzi edinga.
  • I-pathogen Amabhaktheriya, amagciwane nama-parasites asuka emithonjeni yokudla engahlanzwa kanye nenyama yezilwane. Zibangela i-cholera, i-dysentery, i-typhoid kanye nesifo sokudla.
  • Amakhemikhali. Ama-metal anzima njenge-mercury ne-lead, ama-solvents embonini, izibulala-zinambuzane, amaphilisi kanye nalokho okubizwa ngokuthi yi-forever chemicals (PFAS), okusho ukuthi angeke ahlukaniswe ngokuphelele.
  • I-Sediment ne-heat. Imbewu evela ekuhlaselweni yilanga ibamba imifula futhi icindezele ama-reefs; amanzi abandayo ezindaweni zokukhiqiza amandla akhuphula kakhulu ukushisa kwegesi.

Obani abathintekayo

Wonke umuntu udla ngaphansi komfula. According to the World Health Organization, at least 1.7 billion people used a drinking-water source contaminated with faeces in 2022, and 2.2 billion still lacked safely managed drinking water. Ubunzima bukhulu kakhulu kubantu abadala: amanzi aphephile, ukuhlanzeka nokuhlanza umzimba kuqhubeka kwenza kube nzima ukubulala abantu abancane ngenxa yokuvuvukala.

1.7 billionpeople use a drinking-water source contaminated with faeces (WHO)
42%of household wastewater flows were not safely treated in 2022 (UN-Water, 2024)
400+coastal dead zones recorded, covering about 245,000 km² (Diaz and Rosenberg, 2008)

Izinhlelo zemvelo zikhokhela futhi. lapho imifula eminingi yezithako ihlangana khona nolwandle, ugesi ungawa phansi kakhulu ukuze izinhlanzi nenyama yenkomo ziphuze. Lezi izifunda ezifile manje ziyizigidi; enye yezinhlobo ezinkulu ngaso sonke isikhathi sonyaka eGulf of Mexico, ithosiwe yiMississippi. Ezweni lonke, i-ocean evulekile ilahlekelwa yi-oxygen nayo, futhi izindawo ezingaphansi kwe-oxygen zasolwandle ziye zakhula kusukela phakathi konyaka wesithupha wekhulu leshumi nambili (Breitburg et al., 2018).

Indawo efile iyindawo yokubulala lapho kunezigidi zabantu abashushiswayo futhi akukho mshayeli.

Okusebenza

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukukhishwa kwamanzi kuyinkinga eyisithupha emphakathini osanda kuxazululwa, ezingeni eliphakeme. IThames eLondon yabhekwa njengefile ngokuphila kwayo eminyakeni yama-1950; amakhowe namakhowe aselwandle ahlala kulo manje. I-Rhine, eyayibizwa ngokuthi yi-sewer yase-Europe, iphinde yamukela isilimo se-salmon. Amathuluzi aziwa:

  1. Izixazululo zezinkinga zokudla. Ukuqoqa nokuxazulula izinkinga zokudla kuyinto ebalulekile kakhulu ekulweni nezinkinga zokudla ezikhona emhlabeni jikelele. Uma izitshalo zokuhlanza zikhiwa futhi zigcinwa, izifo ezibangelwa amanzi ziyancipha.
  2. Ukudla izitshalo, hhayi imifula. Ukusetshenziswa okunembile kwe-fertilizer, ukuqoqwa kwezitshalo kanye nokuvimbela izihlahla nezithelo ezihamba ngezintaba kunganciphisa kakhulu ukuphuma kwamavithamini, futhi kugcine imali yabakhiqizi be-fertilizer.
  3. Isitifiketi, ukuqapha, ukusabalalisa. Ukukhishwa kwemboni kuhla uma isitifiketi sibeka ama-limits, ukuqapha kwenziwa njalo futhi izimpendulo zitholakala kubantu. Ukubukeka okucacile kusebenza ngoba akukho muntu ofuna ukuba yigama kwimephu.
  4. Buyisela ama-wetlands. Ama-wetlands yizihlungi zamanzi zeplanethi, ziqoqa izingqimba futhi zisusa i-nitrogen ngaphandle kwezindleko.
  5. Ukugqwala kwentengo. Ukukhokhisa imali yokukhishwa kwamanzi, kanye nokukhokha abakhiqizi ngemisebenzi yamanzi ahlanzekile, kwenza amanzi ahlanzekile abe yinto ekhokhelwa ngamanani emakethe.
I-phytoplankton enyakatho ye Gotland elwandle lwaseBaltic.
I-phytoplankton ikhula ngaphesheya kwesiqhingi saseGotland elwandle lwaseBaltic, elinye lamalwandle athinta kakhulu ukukhishwa kwezinhlanzi. Isithombe: USGS/NASA Landsat 7

Ungasiza kanjani

  • Ungayihlanzi. Izidakamizwa, ama-wipes amanzi, ama-fats namakhemikhali akufanele afakwe egumbini lokugezela noma esitshani. Buyisa izidakamizwa ezedlule ephaketheni.
  • Sebenzisa ubisi oluncane kanye nemithi yokuvimbela izitshalo ekhaya, futhi ungasebenzisi ngaphambi kokugwazeka kwemvula. I-lawn idinga okuncane kunalokho ibhokisi lisho.
  • Nciphisa izindlu zangasese. Izindlu zangasese zesikole zihamba ngqo emfuleni ophakathi, zingahlanzwanga. I-oyile, imibala kanye nesopha lokuwasha isithuthuthu akudingeki zihambe ngezansi.
  • Izitshalo ezincane. Uma unendawo ezungeze amanzi, i-strip yemithi yasekhaya ebhekene nebhange lihlanza ukukhishwa ngaphambi kokuba kufike.
  • Ubuza imibuzo endaweni. Thola ingxelo yobuningi bendawo yakho yokuhlanza amanzi kanye nedatha yendawo yakho yokuhlanza amanzi angcolile. Buza abameli bakho ukuthi kukhishwa kanjani amanzi angcolile angahlanzwa, nokuthi yini inhloso yokuwuvimbela.
  • Sixhase abakhiqizi abavikela amanzi, futhi sibuze izitolo ukuthi ukudla kwabo kuvelaphi.
  • Join the effort. Translate this explainer or help map local data through the contribution board.

Izinsizakusebenza