Ezinye izilimi kule ndawo zingaguqulwa ngemishini futhi zingafaka amaphutha. Usizo lokuthuthukisa Funda isiNgisi esisemthethweni
Ukuncibilika kweqhwa laselwandle lwase-Arctic.
I-Blue Initiative

Ukunyuka komugqa wolwandle

I-ocean ikhula ngokushesha njengoba izinyawo zakho zikhula, futhi isivinini sihamba kancane. Uma ubheke umfula, inani elincane elinqunywa iminyaka eminingi alincane.

Kusuka ngo-1993, izisekelo zilinganisela ubude bendawo yolwandle kusuka ku-orbit kuya kumasentimitha ambalwa, futhi futhi, kuwo wonke umhlaba. Their record leaves little doubt: global mean sea level has risen by about ten centimetres in three decades, and it is rising faster now than when the measurements began. Over the longer record, from 1901 to 2018, the rise was about 20 centimetres, faster than in any century of the past three thousand years, according to the IPCC.

Ama-engine amabili

Izindlela ezimbili ziphakamisa ilwandle, futhi zombili ziqhutshwa ukufudumala:

  • Ama-waters akhula njengoba epholile. I-ocean ithathe ngaphezulu kwephesenti le-90 lokushisa okuningi okugcinwe yigesi ye-greenhouse. Ukushisa kwamanzi kuthatha indawo eningi. Kuphakathi kuka-1971 no-2018, lokhu kuthuthukiswa kwe-thermal kwachaza cishe inhlamvu yesithathu sokukhula.
  • Iqhwa ezweni lihlanganiswa lwandle. Amagquma aphezulu eqhwa abuyela emuva, futhi ama-ice sheets amakhulu aseGreenland naseAntarctica alahlekelwa yiqhwa eliningi kunaleyo imvula yeqhwa efakazelayo. Ukuncibilika kwe ikhephu laselwandle, elizohamba eduze, akutholi lutho; ukuncibilika kwe ikhephu lendawo engaphansi komhlaba kungeza ngqo emfuleni.
+20 cmglobal mean sea level rise from 1901 to 2018 (IPCC AR6)
3.7 mmaverage rise per year from 2006 to 2018, nearly three times the rate of 1901 to 1971 (IPCC AR6)
1 billionpeople are projected to live in low-lying coastal zones by 2050 (IPCC SROCC)
I-Larsen C ice shelf ikhipha i-iceberg A-68 ngo-2017.
I-Larsen C ice shelf e-Antarctica ikhipha i-iceberg A-68, enye yezindawo ezinkulu kakhulu ze-iceberg ezirekhodiwe, ngoJulayi 2017. Isithombe: NASA/JPL-Caltech/NOAA/GSFC

Ihora elihamba kancane, elide

Isimo sezulu siphendula ngokucophelela. Ukushisa kuqhubeka nokusakazeka elwandle olunzulu futhi ama-ice sheets aqhubeka nokulungisa iminyaka emikhulu ngemuva kokuthi umoya uvale ukufudumala, ngakho ezinye izikhuphuka zikhona. Isinqumo esizothatha manje sisho ukuthi singakanani futhi singahamba kanjani ngokushesha. Izinga le-IPCC elilindelekile ngo-2100, liqhathaniswa no-1995 kuya ku-2014, lisuka ku-0.28 kuye ku-0.55 amamitha engxenyeni ephansi kakhulu yendlela yokukhishwa kuze kube yi-0.63 kuye ku-1.01 amamitha engxenyeni ephezulu kakhulu. Ukunyuka okuncane kwemitha ezimbili ngo-2100 akudingeki ukuba kubhekwe uma izingqimba zeqhwa zingazinzi.

Isentimitha ngayinye yobude belwandle ibeka izakhiwo eziningi ezifinyeleleka yimvula elandelayo.

Okushoyo abantu akuyona kuphela isilinganiso. Ulwandle oluphezulu luguqula izikhukhula ezincane zibe yizo ezijwayelekile: ezindaweni eziningi, izikhukhula ezivame ukukwenzeka kabili ngonyaka zilindeleke ukuthi kwenzeke ngonyaka we-2100 ngaphansi kokushisa okuphezulu. Ulwandle lucindezela amanzi abandayo emazwenikazi nasezingxenyeni ezingaphansi komhlaba, futhi ezinye iziqhingi zihlanganiswa njengoba amanzi ezindaweni eziphansi ephuzwa ngaphandle, okuzophinda umphumela.

Yini engenzakalayo

  • Kunciphise ukukhishwa. I-lever enkulu kakhulu: yonke itoni ye-CO2 evimbelwe ikunciphisa ukwehla okuqhubekayo.
  • Guqula. Amadonga elwandle, ama-surge barriers kanye nokugqugquzela ukumelana, njengokugqugquzela kweThames noma i-Dutch Delta Works, kwenza kube lula ukuhlala emizini eminingi.
  • Izindlu ezilungele. Ukwakha izindlu nezitezi, ukuvimbela ulwandle ekuvuleni, nokwenza i-drainage ephakeme kakhulu.
  • Beka umsebenzi ngemvelo. Ama-mangroves, ama-salt marshes, ama-dunes nama-reefs athatha amandla e-wave futhi akhule nolwandle, njalo ngentengo ephansi kunekhonkrithi.
  • Phanda ukubuyela emuva lapho kudingeka khona. Ezinye izindawo, ukhetho oluphephile futhi olubizayo wukuhamba kwabantu kanye nezinhlelo zokwakha eduze kwechibi, ngokucophelela nokuqala.
  • Suka ukudonsa. Ukunciphisa ukukhipha amanzi eqhwa kunciphisa ukudonsa okubangela ukuthi amanzi akhuphuke abe nzima.

Ungasiza kanjani

  • Uyazi ingozi yakho. Thola indlu yakho, isikole noma indawo yokusebenza kunoma iyiphi imaphu yendawo ephakathi kwelwandle noma yokugwaza, futhi wenze izinhlelo zokugwaza zemindeni uma uhlala eduze kolwandle.
  • Guqula ubuhle bendawo. Umsebenzi wezandla noma ukuxhasa amaqembu avuselela ama-mangroves, ama-marshes nama-dunes.
  • Buza ikomiti lakho ngezinhlelo zayo zokuzilungisa, nokuthi ngabe isakhiwo esitshaleliwe sivunyelwe yini ezweni elizogwadla.
  • Nciphisa ukukhishwa kwakho lapho kubaluleke kakhulu: ukushisa ekhaya, ukuhamba kanye nogesi.
  • Hlanganisa idatha. Gcina lesi sichazamazwi noma ngeza idatha ye-tide-gauge yasendaweni ngebhodi le-contribution.

Izinsizakusebenza