Kufika pa orbit

Mtunda wa 100 km ndi wokwanira kuti anthu ambiri aziyenda. Kupeza * pamwamba pa * ndi yosavuta: zoimba zitsulo zimachita izi ndi mphindi zochepa za ndege ndipo zimagwa mozungulira. Kukhala pamwamba pa komwe ndikofunikira. Kuti mukhale, muyenera kukhala ndi 7.8 km / s ya kuzungulira kwa maola awiri, ndipo pafupifupi mafuta onse a roketi amagwiritsa ntchito.

Kuyenda mpaka kumatenga mphindi. Kuyenda mozungulira m’mbali mwake mofulumira kwambiri kumatenga pafupifupi mafuta onse.

Onani

Kukhazikitsa ali ndi zigawo zitatu:

1. Kuyenda mozungulira kwa masekondi angapo, kuti muchepetse mpweya wotentha kwambiri.
2. Kusintha kwa gravity. Kusintha pang’ono, madigiri angapo, ndi gravity imapangitsa zonse: njira imayenda pamodzi pomwe ma injini amayimitsa. Sichimangosintha, chomwe chimayambitsa rocket yofiira m’madzi a madzi.
3. Kuyamba. Pambuyo pa mphindi ziwiri ndi theka, gawo loyamba limakhala lopanda madzi ndipo limagwa. Mtundu wachiwiri, wovuta kwambiri, ndi kunyamula.
4. Kuyenda pafupi ndi nthaka, kukhazikitsa kuthamanga kwa ma sideways mpaka kufika panthawi yozungulira. Makina amatseka. M’madera ena, nthawi yozungulira dziko lapansi ndi maola 88 kapena pafupifupi.

Kuyambira kumadzulo kumathandiza: spin yadziko limapatsa ufulu wa 0.465 km / s pa equator. M’madera ena, nyanja ya Atlantic imadutsa m’mphepete mwa dzikolo.

Kumvetsa

Mu simulations pamwambapa, galimoto amagwiritsa ntchito za 9.3 km/s ya “delta-v” (kusintha kwa katundu wake injini angapereke) kuti afike pa liwiro la 7.8 km/s pa 200 km. Kusiyana ndi Kuwonongeka kwa gravity: pamene roketi ikugwiranso ntchito yoyang’ana pamwamba, gawo la kupweteka kwake limamuteteza kuti asakhale ndi mphamvu ya gravity popeza imathamanga.

Magalimoto amagetsi amagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi kuti aziyendetsa ndi kuwongolera magalimoto ena. Mtengo woyenera wa ndalama zoperekedwa kwa Earth orbit ndi 9.3 mpaka 10 km/s, amene amagwirizana.

Mphindi mu simulation	Nthawi	Kutalika	Kuthamanga
Kutseka kwa injini yachiwiri	za 2 min 24 s	za 90 km	pafupifupi 3.0 km/s
Kuthamanga kwachiwiri, ku orbit	za 7 min 37 s	za 200 km	7.8 km/s

The first stage, cut off at 3 km/s, is far too slow for orbit and falls back (Falcon 9 boosters then steer themselves back to land).

Woyang’anira

M’mabuku ena, lamuloli limagwiritsa ntchito njira yokhayo ya kuwongolera. Panthawi iliyonse imasankha kutalika kwa angle θ kuti kufulumira kozungulira kusinthire kukula ndi kuchuluka kwa kukwera:

a_T sin θ = μ/r² − v_h²/r + k₁(r_target − r) − k₂·v_r

Malinga ndi mfundo zazikulu ziwirizi, “kuwala” kumatanthauza kuwala kwa dzuwa. As v_h approaches the circular speed √(μ/r), those two cancel and the stage points flat. Magalimoto anzeru amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosinthika kwambiri (mwachitsanzo, njira yoyang’anira nthawi ya Apollo, kapena kuyendetsa bwino kwa Space Shuttle) zomwe zimachepetsa mafuta oyendetsa ndege, koma mfundo ndi yomweyo.

Inserting into orbit is ending with zero vertical speed exactly at the target height, and horizontal speed equal to √(μ/r). M’malo mwake, mpweya wopanda madzi ndi wopanda mafuta umatha kupezeka m’mapiri apakati.