I-Fan Wall

Yonke i-turbine yomoya oyibonayo ilandela loo nto enye: umqhubi omnye omkhulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka, ophezulu kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Isebenza kakuhle, kwaye ifuna ii-cranes, umhlaba ovulekileyo kunye neminyaka yegunya. Isiza sethu siyingxaki ephindwe kabini. Ingaba iinqanawa ezijikelezayo ezincinci, ezifakwe kwiindawo apho amadolophu akhona, zingavelisa umbane ngexabiso elifanelekileyo? I-Fan Wall yaqala imiselwe kwi Local Solar System Foundation ngo-2020; eli phepha liyimodeli evulekileyo, ehlaziyiweyo.

Eli phepha libhalwe kuba bantu abanokuthi baxhase, baphuhlise okanye bavavanye imbono. I-Brochure yentengiso Siqhube amanani kuyilo lwethu lokuqala, safumanisa apho ilahlekile khona, siphinde sayila kwakhona, saqhuba amanani kwakhona. Uhlobo olufutshane: idonga lekhompyutha ejikelezayo kwifacade ayisebenzi, i-crown yezinto ezijikelezayo ezinkulu eziqhutywa ngamanzi kumda wesakhiwo esihamba ngeemvula ingakwenza umbane olungileyo, kwaye ayizukuba nexabiso eliphantsi kunezibane zelanga ngaphandle kokuba izinto ezininzi sikwazi ukuzivavanya ziphume kakuhle. Yonke into ebonisiweyo ngezantsi ivela kwimodeli yethu evulekileyo (ikhowudi, idata).

Uguqulelo 1, yaye kutheni akunjalo

Imbono yokuqala yayikumgangatho ophambili wesakhiwo, i-40 m ubude kunye neetafile ezili-15 eziphezulu, eziquka malunga neefani ezingama-110,000 ze-120 mm, nganye ihamba ezantsi ukuze imoto yayo ibe yigenerator. Ifoto entle. Ilahlekile ngenxa yezizathu ezintathu, ngokulandelana kobubalulekileyo.

**1. Umoya awukwazi ukudlula ngaphakathi komthi ovaliweyo. ** I-turbine ithatha amandla omoya ohamba ngayo. Kwindawo eqinileyo yodonga umoya umisa (abanjiniyela bayibiza ngokuba yi-stagnation) kwaye ihamba phezulu, ezantsi kunye necala. Nakuba umbhobho ngamnye unesithuba esingu 30 cm ngasemva, uvuliwe emacaleni naphezulu, ukuqhubeka kumisela umda onzima: onke umoya ophuma kwi1800 m² yombhobho kufuneka uhambe ngeemitha ezili-39 zesithuba, ngoko ke ingadlula kumbhobho ngaphandle kwe2.2% yesantya somoya. Umandla uhamba ne-cube yesantya, ngoko idonga liya kugcina kakuhle ngaphantsi kwe-0.01% yento eyenza abakhenkethi abafanayo bahlale bekhululekile. Uvavanyo ngasemva kwezinto ezikhuselayo ezingenamoya zivumelana: 0.2 ukuya ku-0.6 m/s yokuhamba kwamanzi ekhayeni kwiinqanawa ezinomoya ophezulu kune-5 m/s (Salonvaara et al., 2007). Tshintsha imodeli ye 3D ngasentla kuhlobo 1 ukuyibona: imisonto yomoya imisa kwidonga kwaye ijikeleze kude.

**2. Iiblade ezincinci zisebenza kakubi. ** I-120 mm fan blade inentambo emalunga ne-2 cm. Umoya ojikelezayo uhamba kwinani leReynolds elimalunga ne10,000, inkqubo apho amaphiko alahlekelwa yinxalenye enkulu yokhupho-ukutsala uthelekiso: iintambo zesibhakabhaka ezithambileyo ziphucula “ngaphezu kolawulo lwesantya” ngaphezulu kwenani elibalulekileyo leReynolds elimalunga ne70,000 (Lissaman, 1983). Ii-turbines ezilinganisa isentimitha zifumana amandla alinganayo malunga ne-9% (Howey, Bansal noHolmes, 2011); i-10 cm yekhompyutha-ifan rotator esetyenziswa njenge-turbine yazisa ii-28 mW kwi-5 m/s, malunga ne-4% yomoya onamandla kuyo ngekhalenda yethu (I-Federspiel ne-Chen, 2003). Iifan zekhompyutha zilungele ukutsala umoya, azikwazi ukuthwala.

**3. Amawaka eegenerator ezincinci zilahla into encinci eziyenzayo. ** Imoto yefan inikezela ngenxalenye ye-watt kwivolthi ezimbalwa ingalahlekelwa yi-10 ukuya kwi-40% kwi-diode rectifier phantsi kwayo. Ixabiso lethu eliphakathi loluhlu olupheleleyo ukusuka kwifan ukuya kwigridi yi-54%.

Even ignoring the first reason entirely (a free-standing wall of fans), version 1 would cost about $4.20 per kWh on a windy coast and $18 in a city, twenty to a hundred times the price of rooftop solar.

I-physics emisela imida

Umandla othunyelwe ngumoya ngendawo A yi P = ½ ρ A v³, ngoxinzelelo lomoya ρ = 1.225 kg/m³. I-cube yiyo yonke into: kwi6 m/s imitha ethe nkqo ithatha 132 W, kwi12 m/s 1058 W. Averaged over a year, a city roof with a 4 m/s mean wind offers about 75 W per m²; an exposed coast at 6.5 m/s about 321 W per m².

Isiphelo seBetz. Akukho sixhobo esivuliweyo sokujika sikwazi ukutsala ngaphezulu kwe 16/27 ≈ 59.3% yemandla ephumayo kwindawo yayo, kuba umoya kufuneka uqhubeke nokuhamba ngaphandle kwendlela.

Into enokuthi ifakwe kwisixhobo sojikelezo sesibini. Izixhobo zojikelezo ezimbini ezilandelelanayo (njengokuqhubeka kwenjini yejet) zingafika kuninzi 16/25 = 64% lomandla oludlula kwindawo enye yojikelezo, kwaye zininzi kakhulu kuphela 2/3 (Newman, 1986). Injini yejet ibeka iziqendu ngenxa yokuba iqhuba umoya ngesiseko esikhuselekileyo kunye noxinzelelo olukhulu lotshintsho lokutshisa umbane. Umoya okhululekileyo awunikanga uxinzelelo olunjalo: inqanaba ngalinye elingaphezulu likhawuleza umoya ngakumbi, kwaye umoya omde utyhila phantsi kwisixhobo. Izinto ezifunyenwe ngokulinganiselweyo zezijikelezi-moya ezijikelezayo zisuka kwi0 ukuya kwi60%, kodwa uvavanyo olutsha olulawulwa kakuhle lusasazeka 2 ukuya kwi10% (Adema et al., 2026 review).

Into enokuthi ifakwe kwi-stator vanes. Umqhubi ushiya umoya ujikeleza, kwaye ujikelezo lulahlekile amandla. Kwisantya esiphantsi sesantya soxinzelelo lwezithuthi ezincinci ilahleko likhulu: isithuthi esifanelekileyo seGlauert sifike kwi-0.42 kwisantya soxinzelelo loxinzelelo lwe-1, 0.51 kwi-2 ne-0.57 kwi-5. Ii-venes eziqinileyo ngasemva kwe-rotor zingabuyisela inxalenye yayo. Akukho mntu uthelekile le nto kwi-turbine yomoya; kwiinqanawa eziqhuba iinqwelomoya, ii-venes ezinjengezi zinika 2 ukuya kwi-5% (Li et al., 2017).

Into enokuthi ifakwe kwisithuthi. Isithuthi esinomphezulu othambileyo (i “lensi yomoya” yeYunivesithi yaseKyushu) sinyusa uxinzelelo ngasemva kwe-rotor kwaye sitsala umoya ngaphezulu ngokudlula kuyo. In wind-tunnel tests a compact brimmed diffuser raised the power coefficient from 0.37 for the bare rotor to between 0.7 and 0.88, relative to the rotor area, but to only 0.48 to 0.54 relative to the whole brim (Ohya and Karasudani, 2010). Le yinto ebangela ukuba iqhutywe: ngemitha enye yesiqingatha yendawo ephambili, izithuthi azizange zikhuphe umda weBetz, “kwimisebenzi yokuphucula amandla amabini aphezulu kwe-3” azizange zifezekiswe, kwaye ii-turbine eziqhutywa zizithuthi zazineminyaka emininzi kuneyi-50. Ngokungakhombisi nantoni na ephumelelayo kwintengiso” (van Bussel, 2007). Uvavanyo olubiza kakhulu lwakutshanje, iFloDesign/Ogin, yasusa ii-turbines zayo kwiinyanga ezintandathu kwaye yavalwa ngo-2017 (Gipe, 2017).

Ubungakanani bubalulekile ngenxa yenani likaReynolds. Sibala isixhobo esijikelezayo esilungileyo esinokwenzeka kubungakanani ngalunye ngemodeli ye momentum yenxalenye yeblade (i-Glauert’s optimum kunye nokujika kweenyawo, isiphelo kunye nelahleko zehub, kunye nokhupho-ukutsala uthelekiso oluwela kwinani leReynolds, ukusuka kwi-Reynolds ephantsi elinganiselweyo yee-airfoils ezinjenge I-Selig’s SG6043):

Umngxunya wojikeleziso	Iiblades, uthelekiso lwesantya se-tip	Inani le Reynolds (75% umda)	Uyilo olulungileyo
4 cm	8, 1.25	4,500	0.23
12 cm (ikhomputha fan)	8, 1.5	12,000	0.29
25 cm	8, 2.0	20,000	0.36
50 cm (isixhobo esilungisiweyo)	6 ukuya kwi-7, 2.5	43,000	0.39 ukuya ku-0.40
1 m	6, 3.0	74,000	0.42
7 m (i-turbine encinci)	8, 4.5	265,000	0.49

Ezi ziingcango zenjongo ezidityanisiweyo zeblades, phambi kwehlabathi elibonakalayo. Ukujonga, i-39 cm ephathekayo ye-turbine eyenziweyo ngokukodwa yalinganiselwa kwi-0.32, apho imodeli yethu inika malunga ne-0.39 kulo bungakanani (Kishore, Coudron noPriya, 2013): ngoko ke sicinga ukuba isixhobo sokuqala sekhompyutha sifike kwi-65 ukuya kwi-90% yexabiso loyilo, kwaye kufutshane kakhulu nesantya esijikelezayo sesentimitha apho ukuhlukaniswa kwelayini ethe tyaba kulawula.

Indlela yomoya. Isixhobo esimiselweyo sisebenzisa kuphela inxalenye yomoya ophefumla kuyo. Umandla uphantsi ngokuthe nkqo nge-cube ye-engile yokungalingani kweemoto ezijikelezayo ezivuliweyo kwaye ngokulula kakhulu kwiiducts (Tamaro et al., 2024; Richmond-Navarro et al., 2022). Ngemoya ophakathi okhoyo, iyunithi ejonge kuyo igcina malunga ne- 47% ye-energie i-rotor ehlala ilungelelaniswe iya kufumana. Uguqulelo 1 luthathelwa ingqalelo njenge-100%.

Uyilo oluphuculweyo: i-crown kumda wesakhiwo osuka emanzini

Thatha konke okuphezulu kwaye uyilo luya kuba libhala ngokwalo: izijikelezi ezikhulu apho inani leReynolds lincinci, kwimijelo ekhusela kwaye ikhawuleze, ihlala simahla apho umoya ungadlula khona, ijonge umphunga okhoyo kwindawo yokwakha apho umsinga unamandla kakhulu. Le ndawo yimiphetho yesakhiwo. Umoya obetha isakhiwo esingaphambili unyuka kwaye ujika ngaphezulu komda; ngaphezu komda wesakhelo esiphezulu somoya umva womoya ngu-1.06 ukuya ku-1.25 amaxesha akhawulezayo kumphakamo wesitena, kodwa kuphela ngamaxesha angama-0.38 xa lo mda uphantsi komoya (I-Mertens, 2006).

Iyunithi nganye i-725 mm square: 0.5 m yeblades ezisibhozo ezijikelezayo kwindlela eqinileyo yomoya, iivenkile ezintlanu zesilinda esibuyisela ezinye iziqhoboshi kwaye zithwale i-50 ukuya kwi-300 W generator, umsonto ongenakumelana nomlilo wokhuselo kunye nebhodi enye yezixhobo ezitshixiwe ngendawo enkulu kakhulu yokulandelela amandla. Imiqolo emibini yenza i-1.45 m ubude bekrowa kwirails zentsimbi ngaphezulu kwesiseko sentsimbi. Umntu omnye angaphakamisa isixhobo esidityanisiweyo ngaphandle kwaye atshintshe.

Iiblades azikholelwe. Imodeli iyila izibalo zeReynolds eziya kuzibona ngokuqinisekileyo, malunga ne45,000 kwi6 m/s: umbhobho 62 mm kufutshane nomthi ojikelezayo ukuya kwi36 mm kwisiphelo, ujikelezo ukusuka kwi38° ukuya kwi10°, uyilo lwesiphelo-isantya senani le-2.5. Kwi-6 m/s imoto ejikelezayo ijikeleza malunga ne700 rpm; iziphelo zayo zihamba malunga ne30 m/s kumoya we-10 m/s, ngaphantsi kwengxenye ye-79 m/s yeziphelo zesithuthi esinamandla.

Iinkcukacha ezithe kratya

Kwimitha esiqwengane yendawo engaphambili yindlela efanelekileyo yokuthelekiswa: i-facade, isithuba sendlu kunye ne-highway barrier zonke zikhuphisana ngento enye, indawo ejonge umoya. Amaxabiso aphakathi, ngoluhlu olupheleleyo lwe-pessimistic ukuya kwi-optimistic kwi imodeli yedata. Umbane uquka umgca womoya, ukujikeleza (5 ukuya kwi-15% yolahleko) kunye nokufumaneka (92 ukuya kwi-97%). Cost of energy: 20 years at a 7% real discount rate, maintenance 2 to 5% of the investment per year.

Uyilo	Cp kwindawo engaphambili	kWh nge-m² ngonyaka, indawo enemoya / isixeko	Ubungakanani bendawo yokugcina, i-windy / city	Ixabiso elifakwe nge-m²	Ixabiso nge-kWh, ishushu / isixeko	Imali ebuyiselweyo elula kwi- $0.19/kWh
A. Uhlobo 1, i-stock 120 mm fans (ihlala ngokukhululekileyo)	0.045	23 / 5	5.2% / 1.2%	$765	$4.21 / $18.0	musa
A2. Ii-rotors ezizimeleyo ze-120 mm	0.089	45 / 11	5.2% / 1.2%	$805	$2.23 / $9.45	musa
B0. 0.5 m open rotors, crown	0.148	125 / 34	9.3% / 2.5%	$1,192	$1.19 / $4.37	musa
B. Ilungisiwe: 0.5 m iqhutywa, isilinda, umbhobho	0.164	159 / 43	10.7% / 2.9%	$1,074	$0.84 / $3.10	ngakuko (imeko elungileyo: 4.5 iminyaka enemvula)
B2. NjengeB ngaphezu kwe-rotor ejikelezayo	0.174	168 / 46	10.7% / 2.9%	$1,245	$0.92 / $3.40	musa
B3. B njengesithintelo esihlala sikhululekileyo	0.164	128 / 32	8.6% / 2.2%	$944	$0.92 / $3.66	musa
Uphahla lwelanga, isakhiwo esifanayo		225	12%	$410	$0.19	10.6 iminyaka
Ilanga kwifashoni esemzantsi		139	7.6%	$630	$0.47	31 iminyaka
10 kw i-turbine, 7 m umqhubi kwi-18 ukuya kwi-30 m mast	0.35 kwi rotor	31,600 / 10,300 kWh nge-turbine nganye	36% / 12%	$8,910 nge-kW	$0.35 / $1.08	27 iminyaka enemvula

Itheyibhile ithetha ntoni:

• Imibhobho ifumana indawo yayo, kuphela. Kwim² engaphambili, imibhobho edityaniswe (B) ibetha izijikelezi-moya ezifanayo kwigumbi elivulekileyo (B0) malunga ne10 ukuya kwi30%, uninzi ngenxa yokuba zithobela umbono womoya ongcono. Zinika nokhuselo, isiqwenga esixakekileyo kunye nendawo ye-stator.
• Isijikelezi-vili sesibini asihlawuli. Idibanisa malunga ne6% yexabiso elingaphezulu lexabiso le16%. Iinkqubo zemodyuli yomoya yenqanaba elininzi lenjini yejet imiselwe yifizikhi, ayimiselwanga yinjongo.
• Iiyunithi ezijongene nomoya kuphela ezihlawula. I-crown yonke ejikeleze isithuba ifumana kuphela i-55% ngeyunithi nganye xa kuthelekiswa necala elijongene nomoya olunye, kuba ezinye iinxalenye zijonge kude nomoya okhoyo ixesha elide. Kwisakhiwo sethu esibhekisa kuyo (40 × 20 m, 45 m ubude) i-crown efanelekileyo yindawo esecaleni kwemoya kuphela: 60 m², malunga ne-$64,000, malunga ne-9,500 kWh ngonyaka kwindawo enemvula, 2,600 kwisixeko. Imali efanayo kwilanga lendlu yangasese ithenga malunga ne-155 m² yepaneli ezivelisa malunga ne-35,000 kWh ngonyaka.
• Kumanyantlu ayikwazi uku konkura. Umoya ophantsi kwesakhiwo unemiboniso ebi: ii-turbines ezili-26 kwiWarwick Wind Trials ziphakathi kwe-0.85% yezinto ezinamandla (Encraft, 2009), kwaye i-turbines ezintathu kwiLondon’s Strata tower zavalwa emva kokuxhatshazwa ngesandi kunye nokuqhutywa.

Ubungakanani, iqela elincinci lemikhosi yomoya yase-US liphakathi kwe-14 ukuya kwi-16% yezinto ezibangela ukuba $6,680 to $9,630 ngekW efakwe ngo-2024 no-2025 (IiNgxelo zoMphunga ezinikezelwa yiPNNL). I-crown yethu iwela malunga ne $6,300 ngekW elinganiselweyo, kwinqanaba elifanayo, elibonisa ukuba ubalo lwexabiso aliyiyo inyani.

Izinto eziqinisekisiweyo, ezinokwenzekayo

Iqinisekisiwe (incwadi yemfundo okanye ilinganiselwe): amandla omoya kunye nomda weBetz; i-16/25 yesiqithi sezinto ezijikelezayo ezimbini; ukuba amajelo anyusa amandla ngamandla endawo nganye kodwa hayi ngaphezulu kweeBetz ngamandla endawo nganye engaphambili; ukuba iiblades ezincinci kwiReynolds inani ngaphantsi kwama-70,000 zilahle ukusebenza kakuhle; ukuba umgangatho ovaliweyo awunakudlula kukuhamba; ukuba imiphetho yesitena ikhawuleza ukunyuka kokuhamba kwemoya; ukuba iinqanawa ezincinci zesithuthi esiqhutywa ngumoya ezibekwe kwindawo yokwakha emizini zisebenze kakubi.

Ingalindelekanga (ixhaswe kodwa ayilinganiswanga kule nkqubo): i-0.5 m yokujika eyenziwe ngeReynolds 45,000 ifike kwinqanaba lokusebenza elimalunga ne-0.3 limnyama kwaye 0.55 kumandla okujika kwindawo yokuhamba kwesantya esiphezulu; 75% yesantya sokusebenza kakuhle sesantya sokujika ukuya kwigridi nge-50 ukuya kwi-300 W generators kunye nenqanaba le-MPPT; iindleko ezifakwe zimalunga ne-$1,000 ngomqolo ngamnye weprojekthi yokuqala.

Speculative (must be measured): how much ducts packed side by side lose to each other (we assume 10 to 30%); the real speed-up and turbulence at a crown on a given building; durability of thousands of bearings over 20 years of gusts, ice and dust; noise and vibration transmitted into the building; wildlife interaction with meshed ducts (large turbines kill an estimated 140,000 to 328,000 birds a year in the US (Loss, Will and Marra, 2013); glass buildings kill 365 to 988 million (Loss et al., 2014); nobody has data for meshed roof-edge modules).

Yintoni ekufuneka ibe yinyaniso

Kwisithsaba esikwindawo enemoya eyi-6.5 m/s, ixabiso lezixhobo zombane lixhomekeke kwizinto ezimbini esizisebenzelayo: ukuba luninzi kangakanani umbane ummitha ngamnye wesikwere wendawo engaphambili onikezelwa ngayo, kwaye yintoni ixabiso elifakwe kuyo.

Cp kwindawo engaphambili	$300 nge-m²	$500 nge-m²	$800 nge-m²	$1,100 nge-m²
0.15	$0.24	$0.40	$0.63	$0.87
0.20	$0.18	$0.30	$0.47	$0.65
0.25	$0.14	$0.24	$0.38	$0.52
0.30	$0.12	$0.20	$0.32	$0.43

apho ingaphumelela khona, nalapho ingaphumelelanga

Inokufumana:

• Iindawo eziphakamileyo zesakhiwo esihamba ngemvula kunye nezona ndawo ziphezulu zelwandle, njengezi complements kwilanga: umoya kumda wendlu ephakamileyo ngobusuku, ngexesha lobusika kunye nezivunguvungu, xa iipaneli zelanga zivelisa kancinci.
• Isilingi sele sigcwele okanye sithe tyaba. I-crown isebenzisa umda, hayi indawo yesilingi, kwaye ayikhuphi ngepaneli, izityalo okanye iipatio.
• Umbane ongasemngxunyeni apho iinqanawa zibiza kakhulu: izibonisi, ukukhanya, izixhobo zokunxibelelana ngefowuni, iindawo zokujonga ixesha kwibrothi, kumasti kunye nemigangatho yolwandle.
• Iindawo ezikhuselekileyo ezikhona: iindawo ezikhuselekileyo zendlela kunye neendlela zombane, amadonga olwandle kunye neendawo zokukhusela iinqanawa apho ukwakhiwa kuhlawuliswa khona.
• Ukubonakala nokufunda. I-crown ejikelezayo yisaziso somphakathi ukuba iphaneli yelanga ayiyiyo; izikolo, iindawo zokutyelela kunye nemigangatho yemigodi ikholelwa kuloo nto.

Akukho nto iphumelelayo:

• Njengomboneleli ophantsi we-umbane. Iinkqubo ze-EPC ezixhaswa $0.04 to $0.10 nge-kWh; akukho nto endlwini ifika kufutshane.
• Kumasango asedolophini akhuselekileyo kunye neendawo eziphantsi zesixeko, apho umthamo womoya ungaphantsi kweemitha ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-5/s kumphakamo wesitena.
• Isikwere esijongene nesakhiwo. Nakuba iinqwelo zidweliswe, umgangatho ovaliweyo awunakudlula ngaphaya.

Iinkqubo zophuhliso

Inkqubo	Umsebenzi	Uxanduva	Ixabiso eliqikelelwayo	Ixesha
0. Uvavanyo loyilo	Blade and duct design, CFD of one module and of a 3 × 3 array, electrical topology, cost model with a manufacturer	Ingaba iCp kwindawo ephambili ngaphezulu kwe-0.2 iya kubakho kwiqela?	$30k to $60k	3 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-4
1. I-tunneli yomoya	Iimoto ezintathu, iintambo ezintathu, i-stator iyasebenza kwaye ivale, ngoko 3 × 3 uluhlu; 3 ukuya kwi-15 m/s, ukujika kwe-0 ukuya kwi-45°	I-Cp eqikelelwayo, ulahleko lwemiqolo, isantya sokuqalisa, intshukumo	$60k to $120k	4 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6
2. Inkqubo yekhompyutha eyenziwe ngokutsha	Igenerator, ibhodi yombane, iyunithi ekhuselweyo; ukumelana, umkhenkce, inyanga kunye neentlanganiso zesandi (IEC 61400-11 indlela)	Ukusebenza kakuhle kwemodyuli kunye nobude	$50k to $100k	6 Iinyanga
3. Umqhubi wesakhiwo	10 ukuya kwi-20 yezinto ezidityanisiweyo kumda osuka emanzini, i-ultrasonic anemometers okanye i-lidar, unyaka wedatha, ikhamera yokuphila kwendalo	Real kWh per m², availability, noise in the building	$80k to $150k	12 Iinyanga
4. Indlela yemveliso	Uyilo lwesakhiwo kunye nobunjineli befacade, IEC 61400-2 uyilo olusisiseko, UK MCS 006 okanye US ACP 101-1 isiqinisekiso, ukuhlangabezana nezixhobo zombane kunye nomonakalo, inkxaso-mali	Imveliso esinokuyithenga umnini wesakhiwo	$100k to $250k	12 ukuya kwiinyanga ezili-18

Phases 0 to 3 need roughly $220,000 to $430,000 and two years. Isigaba ngasinye sinendawo ecacileyo yokuyeka: ukuba i-wind tunnel ayibonisi iCp ephambili ecaleni kwe0.2 kwiqela, sihlala apho kwaye sipapashe kutheni.

abafuna

• Umenzi wezinto ezihamba ngamanzi ezineReynolds ephantsi kunye nexesha elidlulileyo le-rotor eqhutywa ngemibhobho, ukuyila nokuvavanya iinqanawa, imibhobho kunye ne-stator.
• Iyunivesithi okanye i-tunneli yomoya yezorhwebo, enesinjiniya se-CFD sokwenza uvavanyo lwenkqubo kunye nohlobo lonxibelelwano lwemilinganiselo.
• Umzi-mveliso wezixhobo ze-elekthronikhi Iigenerator ezincinci zemagnethi ehlala ixesha elide, ukubuyisela umva okusebenzayo, iMPPT kunye nokufumana iDC ukusuka kumacandelo amaninzi.
• Injiniya yokwakha kunye nefacade yokuthwala umoya kwikrowa (EN 1991-1-4 / ASCE 7), ukuqinisa, umkhenkce noxinzelelo.
• I-acoustician yengxolo enamandla kunye nokujikeleza okudluliselwa ngaphakathi kwesakhiwo.
• Isigqibo somoya wesixeko ukulinganisa nokwenza imodeli yomoya kwimiphetho yesakhiwo esinomntu oza kuyithatha phambi kokuba kwenziwe nantoni na.
• Uqinisekiso nokumiselwa: imigangatho emincinci yomoya (IEC 61400-2, -11, -12-1), ikhowudi yemoto kunye nomngcipheko womlilo, kunye nenkampani ye-inshorensi enqwenela ukugubungela umqhubi.
• Umntu osebenza kwindalo ukuyila ulawulo lweentaka neentlanzi.
• Ilungu lokwenza iimveliso elingenamanzi okanye elijikelezayo elenza ukuba ixabiso leblades ne-ducts liphezulu.

Iingcebiso ezingcono ziyavuya

I-Fan Wall yenye yemibuzo ebanzi: ngaba iindawo apho abantu bahlala khona bayakwenza, bagcina okanye bagcine amandla acocekileyo ngakumbi kunale bayenzayo namhlanje? Ukuba amanani kule phepha akuqinisi ukuba indlela eyahlukileyo iya kukwenza kakuhle, sifuna ukuva. Ilanga elingenanto eliyenzayo ubushushu, ukugcina ubushushu, i-energy ebuyiselweyo ukusuka kumajelo manzi, ubushushu obulahlekileyo okanye ukucwangciswa kwexesha elifanelekileyo lokucela zonke zinokubetha iinkuni zomoya kwizindlu ezininzi. I i-idea radar iqhathanisa, kwaye nganye inenqaku layo elibhalwe ngokholo olufanayo esilusebenzisa apha.

Abathile abaxhasi be-Foundation banokuba nabaqhagamshelana nabo abanokubona i-pitch. Ukubekwa, imbono ifuna umsebenzi, imodeli yokuphila eyiyo eyenza amandla, nemveliso yayo eqikelelwa kwisixhobo, ayithethiweyo; oko kukuthi kutheni le phepha liphela kwitunneli yomoya kunye nomqhubi wesakhiwo ngaphandle komfanekiso. Iimbono zephepha zithandeka kakhulu: ukuba ifizikhi kunye namaxabiso aqinile, sinokuzipapasha apha kwiwebhusayithi. kodwa ukunyusa ikapitali ngaphandle kwemodeli esebenza kakuhle kunzima kakhulu, kwaye akukho nto apha inokuba yithemba lokuxhaswa, ukuphinda kwenziwe okanye ukunikezelwa. Isiqinisekiso yisona le phepha lizama ukuhlangabezana: bonisa amanani, sithi into ebonisa ukuba ungalunganga, kwaye ucebise uvavanyo olukhawulezileyo.

Uncedo olufumanekayo

• Thatha ubuchule bakho. Ukuba usebenza kwenye yezona ndawo ziphezulu, nika umsebenzi. Nakuba iyure enye yokujonga kwakhona imodeli yethu intle.
• Nceda unikezele ngendlu yangasese eshushu. Isakhiwo esiphakamileyo kumlambo, umqolo okanye indawo evulekileyo enesivalo esikhuselekileyo sokungena kumgangatho singahlala khona isiqhubi. Sixelele apho ikhona kwaye indlela umoya oqhelekileyo ophefumlayo.
• Ukwabelana ngedatha yomoya. Unyaka wokulinganisa umoya ukusuka kwisiteyi, ibhayisekile okanye imasti elwandle inceda ukukhetha indawo yokuqhuba.
• Khangela i-mathematics yethu. I imodeli iyavuliwa. Ukuba ufumane impazamo, sithi: siyathanda ukuba silungiswe ngoku kunokuba emva koqeqesho.
• Nceda ucebise ngento engcono. Thumela i-ifomu yonikezelo nengxaki eyenzayo, uvavanyo lwefizikhi, ixabiso eliphakathi kwi-kWh kunye novavanyo oluncinci olunokuthi luqinisekise ukuba ayichanekanga.

IiNkqubo

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12. Kishore, R.A., Coudron, T. noPriya, S. (2013). Ii-turbine eziphathekayo zesantya somoya esincinci (SWEPT). Incwadi yezobunjineli bomoya kunye nezixhobo zokuhamba ngenqwelo-moya zeshishini 116, 21-31.
13. UTamaro, S., uCampagnolo, F. noBottasso, C.L. (2024). Kwigunya nolawulo lwesijikelezi-vili esingenakudityaniswa: ngaphezulu komthetho we-cosine. Isayensi yeNkqubo yoMphunga 9, 1547-1575.
14. Richmond-Navarro, G., Uchida, T. noCalderon-Muñoz, W.R. (2022). Ukusebenza kwee-turbines zomoya ezikhuselweyo kwiimeko zokujikeleza okunobungozi obunqamlezayo. Ubunzululwazi bemoya 46, 518-528.
15. Mertens, S. (2006). Umoya onamandla kwimeko-bume eyenziweyo: iimpawu zokugquma kweendawo ezibekwe ndawonye zezindlu. I-PhD thesis, TU Delft (elandelayo uMertens, 2003, Ubugcisa beWind 27(6)).
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18. ISebe leNkqubo yeNkqubo yaseMelika kunye ne-NREL (2025). Iindlela zokujonga iindleko zenkqubo yelanga yefotovoltaic, Q1 2025: uphahla lweshishini $1.95 to $1.98 ngeW
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