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ធ្វើមាត្រដ្ឋានដំណើរ
បើកទំព័រពេញEverything here is at true scale: sizes and distances in the same proportion. Each pixel you scroll carries you 3,000 km.
Keep scrolling. Every picture you have seen of the solar system squeezed this emptiness out.
Mercury is ahead, where sunlight is almost seven times stronger than on Earth.
Still nothing. You have crossed 16.8 លាន km since ផ្កាយព្រះអាទិត្យ.
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 5 នាទី 5 វិនាទី ago.
ផែនដីនៅខាងមុខ ។ មើលថាតើផ្ទះតូចប្រែទៅជាយ៉ាងណា ។
ផ្កាយព្រះអាទិត្យ is still 58.8 លាន km ahead.
A radio message from Earth takes between 3 and 22 minutes to reach Mars, depending on where the two planets are.
អ្នកអាចតម្រៀប 4,611 Earths ជាប់គ្នាក្នុងចន្លោះដែលអ្នកបានឆ្លងកាត់ចាប់ពី ផែនដី ។
អ្នកជា 14% នៃវិធីពី ផ្កាយព្រះអាទិត្យ ទៅ ស៊ីរីសstar name ។
Still nothing. You have crossed 53.1 លាន km since ផ្កាយព្រះអាទិត្យ.
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 17 នាទី 6 វិនាទី ago.
ស៊ីរីសstar name is still 79.6 លាន km ahead.
You are inside the asteroid belt. Did you hit anything? On average the asteroids are about a million kilometres apart.
អ្នកអាចតម្រៀប 12,497 Earths ជាប់គ្នាក្នុងចន្លោះដែលអ្នកបានឆ្លងកាត់ចាប់ពី ផ្កាយព្រះអាទិត្យ ។
អ្នកជា 17% នៃវិធីពី ស៊ីរីសstar name ទៅ ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ ។
Still nothing. You have crossed 122 លាន km since ស៊ីរីសstar name.
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 33 នាទី 8 វិនាទី ago.
ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ is still 122 លាន km ahead.
អ្នកអាចតម្រៀប 23,846 Earths ជាប់គ្នាក្នុងចន្លោះដែលអ្នកបានឆ្លងកាត់ចាប់ពី ស៊ីរីសstar name ។
អ្នកជា 10% នៃវិធីពី ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ ទៅ ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ ។
Still nothing. You have crossed 130 លាន km since ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ.
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 54 នាទី 5 វិនាទី ago.
ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ is still 389 លាន km ahead.
Voyager 1 បានចំណាយពេលប្រហែល 20 ខែដើម្បីហោះហើរពីភពព្រហស្បតិ៍ទៅភពសៅរ៍។
អ្នកអាចតម្រៀប 30,529 Earths ជាប់គ្នាក្នុងចន្លោះដែលអ្នកបានឆ្លងកាត់ចាប់ពី ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ ។
អ្នកជា 70% នៃវិធីពី ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ ទៅ ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ ។
Still nothing. You have crossed 519 លាន km since ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ.
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 1 ម៉ោង 16 នាទី ago.
អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស is still 1.31 ប៊ីលាន km ahead.
អ្នកអាចតម្រៀប 20,605 Earths ជាប់គ្នាក្នុងចន្លោះដែលអ្នកបានឆ្លងកាត់ចាប់ពី ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ ។
អ្នកជា 27% នៃវិធីពី ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ ទៅ អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស ។
Still nothing. You have crossed 525 លាន km since ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ.
Uranus orbits twice as far from the Sun as Saturn. The farther out you go, the emptier it gets.
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 2 ម៉ោង 3 នាទី ago.
អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស is still 525 លាន km ahead.
អ្នកអាចតម្រៀប 82,418 Earths ជាប់គ្នាក្នុងចន្លោះដែលអ្នកបានឆ្លងកាត់ចាប់ពី ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ ។
អ្នកជា 82% នៃវិធីពី ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ ទៅ អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស ។
Still nothing. You have crossed 1.31 ប៊ីលាន km since ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ.
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 2 ម៉ោង 48 នាទី ago.
ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ is still 1.33 ប៊ីលាន km ahead.
អ្នកអាចតម្រៀប 34,840 Earths ជាប់គ្នាក្នុងចន្លោះដែលអ្នកបានឆ្លងកាត់ចាប់ពី អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស ។
អ្នកជា 36% នៃវិធីពី អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស ទៅ ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ ។
Still nothing. You have crossed 740 លាន km since អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស.
Voyager2ត្រូវការប្រហែលបីឆ្នាំកន្លះដើម្បីឆ្លងកាត់ចន្លោះនេះពីភពអ៊ុយរ៉ានុសក្នុងឆ្នាំ 1986 ទៅភពណេពួរនៅឆ្នាំ 1989 ។
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 3 ម៉ោង 37 នាទី ago.
ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ is still 444 លាន km ahead.
អ្នកអាចតម្រៀប 104,519 Earths ជាប់គ្នាក្នុងចន្លោះដែលអ្នកបានឆ្លងកាត់ចាប់ពី អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស ។
អ្នកជា 91% នៃវិធីពី អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស ទៅ ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ ។
Still nothing. You have crossed 129 លាន km since ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ.
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 4 ម៉ោង 24 នាទី ago.
The Kuiper belt: a ring of icy worlds so spread out that after Pluto, New Horizons flew close to just one of them.
ផលូតូ is still 906 លាន km ahead.
អ្នកអាចតម្រៀប 50,798 Earths ជាប់គ្នាក្នុងចន្លោះដែលអ្នកបានឆ្លងកាត់ចាប់ពី ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ ។
អ្នកជា 55% នៃវិធីពី ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ ទៅ ផលូតូ ។
Still nothing. You have crossed 906 លាន km since ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ.
New Horizons ជាយានអវកាសមួយក្នុងចំណោមយានអវកាសដែលបានបើកចំហរលឿនបំផុតដែលធ្លាប់បានចាប់ផ្ដើមយកប្រាំមួយឆ្នាំ និង ពាក់កណ្តាលដើម្បីទៅដល់ Pluto ។ ពន្លឺព្រះអាទិត្យទៅដល់ចម្ងាយមធ្យមរបស់ Pluto ក្នុងរយៈពេលប្រហែលជាប្រាំម៉ោង និង ពាក់កណ្តាល ។
The sunlight passing you now left the Sun 5 ម៉ោង 15 នាទី ago.
ផលូតូ is still 129 លាន km ahead.
Scroll down inside the frame to fly outward, or start the autopilot below.
បញ្ចប់ដំណើរ
Look back. That bright star is the Sun.
តារាងទិន្នន័យ (ជំនួសអត្ថបទ)
| ពិភពលោក | អង្កត់ផ្ចិត | ចម្ងាយពីព្រះអាទិត្យ | ពេលវេលាធ្វើដំណើរពន្លឺពីព្រះអាទិត្យ | px |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ផ្កាយព្រះអាទិត្យ | 4,879 km | 0.387 au | 3 នាទី 13 វិនាទី | 19,303 |
| ផ្កាយព្រះគ្រោះ | 12,104 km | 0.723 au | 6 នាទី 1 វិនាទី | 36,070 |
| ផែនដី | 12,742 km | 1 au | 8 នាទី 19 វិនាទី | 49,866 |
| ផ្កាយព្រះអាទិត្យ | 6,779 km | 1.52 au | 12 នាទី 40 វិនាទី | 75,981 |
| ស៊ីរីសstar name | 939 km | 2.77 au | 23 នាទី 0 វិនាទី | 137,907 |
| ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ | 139,822 km | 5.2 au | 43 នាទី 16 វិនាទី | 259,447 |
| ផ្កាយព្រះច័ន្ទ | 116,464 km | 9.54 au | 1 ម៉ោង 19 នាទី | 475,555 |
| អ៊ុយរ៉ានុស | 50,724 km | 19.2 au | 2 ម៉ោង 40 នាទី | 956,886 |
| ភពព្រះច័ន្ទ | 49,244 km | 30.1 au | 4 ម៉ោង 10 នាទី | 1,499,465 |
| ផលូតូ | 2,377 km | 39.6 au | 5 ម៉ោង 29 នាទី | 1,974,125 |
Almost every picture of the solar system lies. To fit on a page, the planets are squeezed together and blown up in size. Walk it at true scale and you discover the real star of the show: empty space.
The solar system is mostly empty space, and that emptiness is the whole story.
Look
Most pictures of the solar system squeeze the planets together like beads on a string, and draw them far too big. They have to: at true scale, a page would be almost completely empty.
Guess first: if the Sun were a beach ball, how far away would Earth be? A step? A room? A street?
A street. With the Sun as a 1-metre ball, Earth is a 9 mm pea about 107 metres away: roughly the length of a football pitch. Keep that picture in mind as you travel.
The Scale Walk above is drawn at true scale: sizes and distances in the same proportion. Every pixel you scroll carries you 3,000 km. Scroll inside the frame, press Next world, or tap a planet on the journey map at the top.
- The journey map is to scale too. The white marker is you. Notice how the Sun and the four inner planets crowd together at the far left.
- The odometer counts kilometres and the time sunlight has needed to get where you are.
- When you stop near a world, the camera locks on and leans in (the zoom is shown next to the scale bar), and a card tells you where you are.
- Earth, a globe 12,742 km across, is almost 50,000 scrolled pixels from the Sun. Neptune is about 1.5 million pixels away.
Notice how much of the trip is just black, with only a few lines of narration drifting past. That is the real solar system: tiny worlds separated by enormous emptiness.
Understand
A scale model divides every length by the same number. Here the number is 3,000: 3,000 km of real space becomes 1 pixel.
| World | Real diameter | Diameter at 1 px = 3,000 km | Distance from Sun | At this scale |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sun | 1,391,400 km | 464 px | 0 | 0 |
| Earth | 12,742 km | 4 px | 149.6 million km | 49,866 px |
| Jupiter | 139,822 km | 47 px | 778.3 million km | 259,437 px |
| Neptune | 49,244 km | 16 px | 4,498 million km | 1,499,000 px |
A handy comparison uses the Sun as a 1-metre ball. Divide everything by the Sun’s diameter (1.39 million km):
- Earth is a 9 mm pea, 107 m away.
- Jupiter is a 10 cm grapefruit, 560 m away.
- Neptune is a 3.5 cm marble, 3.2 km away.
- The nearest star, Proxima Centauri, would be another ball about 29,000 km away: more than two thirds of the way around the real Earth.
Try the autopilot at 1×, the real speed of light. You move 100 pixels per second, which feels slow on screen. Real sunlight really does need 8 minutes to reach Earth and more than 4 hours to reach Neptune. The faster settings compress time, not distance: the autopilot still brakes and pauses at every world.
Guess first: scrolling with a mouse wheel, are you moving faster or slower than light?
Much faster. A brisk scroll carries you millions of kilometres per second, often ten or more times the speed of light; the speed readout under the odometer shows it. Even so, the outer planets take a long time to reach. That is how big the distances are.
Master
Two separate compressions distort normal diagrams: the size scale and the distance scale. The ratio of the Sun-Neptune distance (4.5 × 10⁹ km) to Earth’s diameter (1.27 × 10⁴ km) is about 350,000. A screen 1,000 pixels tall can resolve a range of about 1,000, so no single static image can show both the planets and their spacing. Interactive zoom, logarithmic axes or a scroll-length model like this one are the only honest options.
This is also why the orrery on this site offers two modes. Readable scale compresses distance with a square root (r_screen ∝ √r) and draws planets at fixed legible sizes. True scale is linear in both size and distance, so the planets shrink to sub-pixel dots.
The emptiness has consequences for spaceflight. Travelling between planets is not like driving between cities: the planets move, the distances are huge, and the energy cost depends far more on changes of speed than on distance. That idea, delta-v, is at the heart of the Navigator path.
A last scale fact: the asteroid belt, often drawn as a crowded field of rocks, is so sparse that spacecraft cross it without any special manoeuvres. The Kuiper belt beyond Neptune is emptier still.
សាកល្បងវា
Set the autopilot speed to 1× and press 'Travel at the speed of light'. Watch the light-time clock as you reach Earth: about 8 minutes 20 seconds. Before you look at the table, guess how long the same trip takes to Neptune, then check.
អស្ចារ្យ. ការប្រឈមមុខគឺជាកន្លែងដែលការរៀនត្រូវបានចង ។
សំណួររហ័ស
3 quick questions. Pick an answer to see if you are right.
-
If the Sun were a ball 1 metre wide, about how big would Earth be?
- A A football
- B A grapefruit
- C About 9 millimetres, like a pea
- D About 1 millimetre
បង្ហាញចម្លើយ
C. About 9 millimetres, like a pea The Sun is about 109 times wider than Earth, so 1 m ÷ 109 ≈ 9 mm.
-
At that same scale, how far away would Earth be from the 1-metre Sun?
- A About 1 metre
- B About 10 metres
- C About 107 metres
- D About 1 kilometre
បង្ហាញចម្លើយ
C. About 107 metres 1 au is about 107.5 Sun diameters, so Earth would be a pea about the length of a football pitch away.
-
Why do most drawings of the solar system show the planets close together?
- A Because they really are close
- B Because at true scale the planets would be too small to see on the page
- C Because the drawings show the planets at their closest approach
- D Because of light pollution
បង្ហាញចម្លើយ
B. Because at true scale the planets would be too small to see on the page
បន្ទាត់បញ្ចប់
- បានលេងជាមួយអន្តរកម្ម
- អានមេរៀន
- បានធ្វើការប្រកួត
- បានធ្វើការសាកល្បង
Mark the lesson complete to save it to your progress on this device.
Lesson complete. Well done!
ឡើងលើបន្ទាប់ Days and years on each worldពាក្យក្នុងមេរៀននេះ
ប្រភព
- NASA NSSDCA Planetary Fact Sheet (diameters, distances)
- JPL SSD: Approximate Positions of the Planets (semi-major axes)
- NASA NSSDCA: Schoolyard Solar System scale model
មេរៀននេះមានអាជ្ញាបណ្ណ CC BY-SA 4.0.