An yi wannan darasi da wani Local Solar System ma'aikacin ƙungiyar Foundation kuma za'a iya inganta shi da mai duba da ya dace. Shin kana da kwarewa a cikin wannan batutuwa? Suggest an edit
Scale Walk
Open full pageDuk abin nan yana cikin siffar gaskiya: girma da nisan a cikin daidaito guda. Kowane piksel da kake tsirarwa na ɗauke ka 3,000 km.
Ci gaba da zirga-zirga. Duk wani hoton da ka gani na tsarin rana ya rufe wannan ɓoyewa.
Kuma a cikinsa akwai wani abu mai kama da haske.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Miliyan 16.8 tun daga Mercury.
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana mnt 5 d 5 a baya.
Ka dũba yadda gida yake ƙaranci.
Mars ya ci gaba da zama km Miliyan 58.8 a gaba.
Wani sakon rediyo daga ƙasa yana ɗaukar tsakanin minti 3 da 22 don isa Mars, dangane da inda taurãri biyu suke.
Za ka iya daidaita 4,611 Earths gefe da gefe a cikin sararin da ka wuce tun daga Duniya.
Kai 14% na hanyar daga Mars zuwa Ceres ne.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Miliyan 53.1 tun daga Mars.
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana mnt 17 d 6 a baya.
Ceres ya ci gaba da zama km Miliyan 79.6 a gaba.
Kai kana cikin sashin asteroid. Shin ka yi wata matsala? A tsakiyar, asteroids suna da nisan kilomita miliyan daya daga juna.
Za ka iya daidaita 12,497 Earths gefe da gefe a cikin sararin da ka wuce tun daga Mars.
Kai 17% na hanyar daga Ceres zuwa Jupiter ne.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Miliyan 122 tun daga Ceres.
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana mnt 33 d 8 a baya.
Jupiter ya ci gaba da zama km Miliyan 122 a gaba.
Za ka iya daidaita 23,846 Earths gefe da gefe a cikin sararin da ka wuce tun daga Ceres.
Kai 10% na hanyar daga Jupiter zuwa Saturn ne.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Miliyan 130 tun daga Jupiter.
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana mnt 54 d 5 a baya.
Saturn ya ci gaba da zama km Miliyan 389 a gaba.
Voyager 1 ya dauki kusan watanni 20 don tafiya daga Jupiter zuwa Saturn.
Za ka iya daidaita 30,529 Earths gefe da gefe a cikin sararin da ka wuce tun daga Jupiter.
Kai 70% na hanyar daga Jupiter zuwa Saturn ne.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Miliyan 519 tun daga Jupiter.
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana s 1 mnt 16 a baya.
Uranus ya ci gaba da zama km Biliyan 1.31 a gaba.
Za ka iya daidaita 20,605 Earths gefe da gefe a cikin sararin da ka wuce tun daga Saturn.
Kai 27% na hanyar daga Saturn zuwa Uranus ne.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Miliyan 525 tun daga Saturn.
star name
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana s 2 mnt 3 a baya.
Uranus ya ci gaba da zama km Miliyan 525 a gaba.
Za ka iya daidaita 82,418 Earths gefe da gefe a cikin sararin da ka wuce tun daga Saturn.
Kai 82% na hanyar daga Saturn zuwa Uranus ne.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Biliyan 1.31 tun daga Saturn.
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana s 2 mnt 48 a baya.
Neptune ya ci gaba da zama km Biliyan 1.33 a gaba.
Za ka iya daidaita 34,840 Earths gefe da gefe a cikin sararin da ka wuce tun daga Uranus.
Kai 36% na hanyar daga Uranus zuwa Neptune ne.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Miliyan 740 tun daga Uranus.
Voyager 2 ya buƙaci kusan shekaru uku da rabi don wuce wannan ɓangaren, daga Uranus a cikin 1986 zuwa Neptune a cikin 1989.
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana s 3 mnt 37 a baya.
Neptune ya ci gaba da zama km Miliyan 444 a gaba.
Za ka iya daidaita 104,519 Earths gefe da gefe a cikin sararin da ka wuce tun daga Uranus.
Kai 91% na hanyar daga Uranus zuwa Neptune ne.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Miliyan 129 tun daga Neptune.
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana s 4 mnt 24 a baya.
Kuji na Kuiper: wani haske na duniyar ruwa mai zafi wanda ya faɗaɗa a bayan Pluto, New Horizons ya yi tafiya kusa da ɗaya daga cikinsu kawai.
Pluto ya ci gaba da zama km Miliyan 906 a gaba.
Za ka iya daidaita 50,798 Earths gefe da gefe a cikin sararin da ka wuce tun daga Neptune.
Kai 55% na hanyar daga Neptune zuwa Pluto ne.
Ba komai ba. Ka wuce km Miliyan 906 tun daga Neptune.
New Horizons, daya daga cikin mafi sauri jirgin sama da aka yi amfani da shi, ya dauki shekaru tara da rabi don isa Pluto. Hasken rana yana kaiwa ga tsawo na Pluto a cikin sa'o'i biyar da rabi.
Hasken rana mai wucewa da kai yanzu ya bar rana s 5 mnt 15 a baya.
Pluto ya ci gaba da zama km Miliyan 129 a gaba.
Ka sauka cikin firam don ka yi tafiyar hawa, ko kuma ka fara mai kula da kai a ƙasa.
Journey's end
Ka dũba zuwa ga wata taurãro mai haske."
Jadawalin bayanai (zaɓin rubutu)
| Duniya | Diameter | Dakata | star name | ppp |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mercury | km 4,879 | 0.387 ko | mnt 3 d 13 | 19,303 |
| Venus | km 12,104 | 0.723 ko | mnt 6 d 1 | 36,070 |
| Duniya | km 12,742 | 1 ko | mnt 8 d 19 | 49,866 |
| Mars | km 6,779 | 1.52 ko | mnt 12 d 40 | 75,981 |
| Ceres | km 939 | 2.77 ko | mnt 23 d 0 | 137,907 |
| Jupiter | km 139,822 | 5.2 ko | mnt 43 d 16 | 259,447 |
| Saturn | km 116,464 | 9.54 ko | s 1 mnt 19 | 475,555 |
| Uranus | km 50,724 | 19.2 ko | s 2 mnt 40 | 956,886 |
| Neptune | km 49,244 | 30.1 ko | s 4 mnt 10 | 1,499,465 |
| Pluto | km 2,377 | 39.6 ko | s 5 mnt 29 | 1,974,125 |
A kusan dukkan hoton tsarin rãnã yana ƙarya. Domin ya dace da wani shafi, taurãri an rufe su tare kuma an girma su a girma. Ka yi tafiya a kan ma’aunin gaskiya kuma ka gano abin da yake shi ne babban abu na wannan show: sararin samaniya.
Wannan tsarin rana shine mafi yawan sararin samaniya, kuma wannan sarari shi ne duk labarin.
Look
Wasu hotunan tsarin rana suna rufe sararin samaniya kamar yadda ake yin kwalliya a kan wata ƙuƙumma, kuma ana zane su da girma sosai. Suna da: a kan daidaitacce, wani shafi zai kasance kusan baƙo.
Ka yi zaton farko: idan rana ce ta zama kwallon bakin teku, menene nisan da take tsakaninta da duniya? Mataki? Gidan? Hanya?
Hanya. Da rana a matsayin kwallon mita 1, duniyar tana da tsayin 9 mm na peas kusan mita 107: kusan tsawon filin wasan kwallon kafa. Ku riƙi wannan hoton a cikin zuciyarku alhãli kuna tafiya.
An yi zane na Jirgin Taƙaitawa a sama a taƙaitaccen taƙaitawa: girma da nisan cikin daidaito guda. Duk wani pixel da kake canzawa yana ɗaukar kilomimita 3,000. Ka sauka cikin firam, ka danna Duniya ta gaba, ko kuma ka taba wata duniya a kan takardar tafiyar da ke sama.
- Maɓallin tafiya na da za a ƙayyade shi kuma. Mai nuna fari shi ne kai. Ka lura yadda rãnã da taurãri huɗu masu cikinta suke tãruwa a wajen hagu.
- Mitar tafiya tana lissafa kilomita da lokacin da hasken rana ya buƙaci don ya isa inda kake.
- Idan ka tsaya kusa da duniya, kamara na kulle a kan kuma ya yi lulluɓe (zanen ana nuna shi kusa da bar din siffar), kuma wata katin za ta gaya maka inda kake.
- Duniya, wani duniyar da ke da faɗin kilomita 12,742, yana kusa da pixels 50,000 daga rana. Neptune yana kusa da miliyan 1.5 na pixels.
Ka lura da yadda yawa na tafiya ne kawai baƙi, tare da kawai wasu layuka na magana drifting baya. Wancan shi ne tsarin halittun rãnã na gaskiya: duniyar nan mai ƙaranci wadda aka rarrabe ta da wata ɓoyewa mai girma.
Understand
A scale model ya raba duk tsawon da lambar daya. A nan adadin shine 3,000: 3,000 km na sararin gaskiya ya zama piksel 1.
| Duniya | Diamita | Diamita a 1 px = 3,000 km | Distance from sun | At this scale |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dakata | 1,391,400 km | 464 dpi | 0 | 0 |
| Earth | 12,742 km | 4 px | 149.6 million km | 49,866 dpi |
| star name | 139,822 km | 47px | 778.3 million km | 259,437 pixels |
| star name | 49,244 km | 16px | 4,498 million km | 1,499,000 dpi |
Wani kwatanta mai amfani yana amfani da Rankin kamar kwallon mita 1. Divide everything by the Sun’s diameter (1.39 million km):
- Duniya tana da girman 9 mm, mita 107 daga sama.
- Jupiter wani 10 cm grapefruit ne, mita 560 daga wuri.
- Neptune wani 3.5 cm marble ne, 3.2 km daga gare ta.
- Proxima Centauri, wata tauraruwa ce da ke kusa da mu kuma tana da nisan kilomita 29,000 daga mu: kusan kashi uku cikin uku na hanyar da take kewaye da duniyarmu.
Yi kokarin mai kula da kai kan 1×, gudun haske na gaskiya. Kana motsa pixels 100 a kowane sakan, wanda yake da sauri akan fuskar kwamfyutan tebur. Hasken rana na gaskiya yana bukatar minti 8 don isa ƙasa kuma fiye da sa’o’i 4 don isa Neptune. Shiryoyin da suke da sauri suna ƙunsar lokaci, ba nisan ba: mai sarrafa kansa na ci gaba da yin tashe da tsawa a kowace duniya.
Ka yi zaton farko: idan ka canza launi da kwandon linzamin kwamfuta, shin kana motsa cikin sauri ko kuma da sauri fiye da haske?
Mai sauri. Wani sauri-sauri yana ɗaukar ku da miliyoyin kilomita a kowace sakan, sau goma ko fiye da gudun haske; karantawar gudu a ƙarƙashin adadin kilomita na nuna shi. Kuma lalle ne, waɗansu taurãri na waje sunã da lõkaci mai tsawo suna isa. Kamar wancan ne matsakaicin nĩsantarsu yake.
Master
An yi wa diyagrams na asali zafi biyu: size da distance. Ra’ayin nisan rana-Neptunu (4.5 × 10⁹ km) zuwa diamita na ƙasa (1.27 × 10⁴ km) yana da kusan 350,000. Wani fuskar kwamfyuta mai girman pixels 1,000 zai iya warware wani yanki na kusan pixels 1,000, don haka babu wata hoton da ke tsaye da za ta iya nuna duniyar da kuma tsayinsu. Zuwa mai tasiri, maɓallu na logaritmi ko kuma wani nau’in tsawo-na-sƙofa kamar wannan ne kawai zaɓuɓɓukan gaskiya.
Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa orrery a wannan shafin ke ba da hanyoyi biyu. Skalin da za’a iya karantawa yana ƙunsar nisan da aka yi amfani da shi wajen ƙirƙirar kwance (r_fuskar kwamfyuta ∝ √r) kuma yana nuna taurãri a girman da ake iya karantawa. Skalin gaskiya yana da tsawo a girma da nisan, don haka taurãrin suna ƙara ƙanana zuwa ƙananan pixels.
Wannan babu wani abu. Tafiya tsakanin taurãri ba kamar tafiyar mota a tsakanin birane ba: taurãri suna motsa, nisansu mai girma ne, kuma farashin wutar lantarki yana dogara da sauye-sauyen gudu fiye da nisan. Wannan tunani, delta-v, yana cikin zuciyar hanyar Navigator.
A karshe ma’ana: da asteroid belt, yawanci a yi amfani da shi kamar wani yanki na duwatsu masu yawa, yana da yawa sosai wanda jiragen sararin samaniya ke wucewa ta ba tare da wata hanyar musamman ba. Kuma wannan ya sa Kuiper belt ya fi tsayi.
Try it
Ka saita gudun mai kula da kansa zuwa 1× kuma ka danna 'Tafiya a sauri kamar haske'. Ka duba agogon lokacin haske yayin da kake isa ƙasa: kusan minti 8 da sakan 20. Bayan ka kalli jadawalin, ka yi zaton tsawon lokacin da tafiyar take ɗauka zuwa Neptune, sa'an nan ka tabbatar.
Great. kalubale ne inda koyon sticks.
Quick quiz
3 tambayoyi masu sauri. Zaɓi amsa don ka ga ko kai mai gaskiya ne.
-
Idan rana ta kasance kwallon mita 1 a fadinta, me girman duniyar zata zama?
- A A football
- B A
- C Game da 9 millimita, kamar pe
- D A kan 1 milimita
Nuna amsa
C. Game da 9 millimita, kamar pe The Sun is about 109 times wider than Earth, so 1 m ÷ 109 ≈ 9 mm.
-
A wannan ma'aunin, menene nisan da duniya take daga rana mai mita 1?
- A A kan 1 mita
- B Game da 10 mita
- C Game da 107 mita
- D Kilomimita 1
Nuna amsa
C. Game da 107 mita 1 au yana da kusan diamita na rana 107.5, don haka duniyar zata kasance kamar peas game da tsawon filin wasan kwallon kafa.
-
"Me ya sa mafi yawan zane-zane na tsarin rana ke nuna taurãri kusa da juna?"
- A Sabõda sũ, haƙĩƙa, mafiya kusanta ne.
- B Because at true scale the planets would be too small to see on the page
- C Domin zane- zane suna nuna taurãri a kusa da su
- D Saboda rashin haske
Nuna amsa
B. Because at true scale the planets would be too small to see on the page
Finish line
- An yi wasa da mai magana da kai
- Read the lesson
- Did the challenge
- Took the quiz
Mark the lesson complete to save it to your progress on this device.
An kammala darasi. Mai kyau!
Up next A rana da shekaru a kan kowane duniyaWords in this lesson
Sources
- NASA NSSDCA Planetary Fact Sheet (diameters, distances)
- JPL SSD: Approximate Positions of the Planets (semi-major axes)
- NASA NSSDCA: Schoolyard Solar System scale model
Wannan darasi yana da lasisin CC BY-SA 4.0.