Le ncwadi yabhalwa ngu Local Solar System Iqela le-Fundamente lilungu kwaye lingaphuculwa ngumvavanyi oqeqeshiweyo. Ingaba uqeqeshiwe kulo mxholo?
Orrery
Vula iphepha elipheleleyoInkqubo yelanga, ngoku. Iplanethi nganye ikwindawo yayo ngaphambili, eyenziwe ukusuka kwi NASA JPL's formulas. Nqakraza ukudlala kwaye ixesha likhawuleza, ukuze ukwazi ukubona iiplanethi zijikeleza ilanga: xa iplanethi ifutshane nelanga, iyahamba ngokukhawuleza. Cofa nayiphi na ihlabathi ukulibaleka kwaye uyibone ijika.
Zama oku
Isikali esifundekayo: iiplanethi zizotywe zidibene kakhulu kunezi kwelinye icala kwaye umgama ucinezelwe, ngoko ke iplanethi nganye iyafana kwisikrini. Tshintsha kwi sikali senyaniso ukubona ubuxoki bokwenyani bendawo.
Indlela yokusetyenziswa kwayo
- Bona ngaphaya
- Rhuqa ujikelezise imboniselo. Rolela, cindezela okanye sebenzisa izitshixo ze + ne - ukuzoba.
- Khetha ihlabathi
- Cofa okanye nqakraza kwiplanethi ukuwela kuyo uze uyilandele. Uzakubona ukuba ibekwe kuphi ukusuka eMhlabeni nakwihlabathi, kwaye ijikeleze njani ngokukhawuleza. Amaqhosha esalathisi ahamba ukusuka kwiplanethi ukuya kwiplanethi; Escape okanye iqhosha ngasentla libuyela umva kwinkqubo yonke.
- Ixesha
- Dlala iqhuba ixesha phambili kwisantya esikhethiweyo. Khetha nayiphi na umhla, okanye yenza inkqubo ngeesalathisi ecaleni kwayo. Ngoku ibuyisela kuwe kumhla okhoyo.
- I-Scale
- Isithuba sikhulu kakhulu ukuba akukho mboniselo ingabonisa zombini iiplanethi kunye namafutshane phakathi kwazo ngexabiso elinyanzelekileyo. Ixabiso elifundwayo linyusa iiplanethi kwaye licinezela amafutshane; ixabiso elinyanzelekileyo libonisa zombini njengoko zinjalo ngokwenene.
Uthelekiso lweehlabathi ezimbini
| Venus | Jupiter |
|---|
Itheyibhile yedata (umbhalo otshintshiyo)
| Ihlabathi | Umhlathi | Ixesha lokuhamba kwelanga ukusuka kwilanga | I-Ecliptic longitude |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mercury | 0.4457 okanye | 3 min 42 s | 292° |
| Venus | 0.7261 okanye | 6 min 2 s | 7.35° |
| Ihlabathi | 0.9988 okanye | 8 min 18 s | 16.1° |
| I-Mars | 1.569 okanye | 13 min 3 s | 89.6° |
| Jupiter | 5.307 okanye | 44 min 8 s | 132° |
| Saturn | 9.432 okanye | 1 h 18 min | 11.2° |
| Uranus | 19.43 okanye | 2 h 42 min | 62.8° |
| Neptune | 29.88 okanye | 4 h 8 min | 2.69° |
Iindawo zeplanethi zisebenzisa iJPL's eqine ifomula, ezichanekileyo malunga nemizuzu emibini ye-arc phakathi kwe-3000 BC kunye ne-3000 AD.
KwiVenus, iplanethi ijikeleza ngokucothayo ukuba ujikelezo olunye luthatha ixesha elide kunexesha lokujikeleza ilanga. Usuku alufana nantoni na apho, yaye nonyaka awufana nayo. Apha ubona indlela yokusebenza kwazo zombini, kwihlabathi naliphi na.
Usuku nonyaka ziiyure ezimbini ezihlukileyo, kwaye ihlabathi ngalinye lizimisela ngokuhlukileyo.
Bona
Usuku lubonisa ixesha elithathayo ihlabathi ukujika kabini. A-M_BAR_IsiJamani Iminyaka yixesha elithathayo ukujikeleza ilanga. Kwihlabathi lethu ezi zimalunga neeyure ezingama-24 neentsuku ezingama-365. Ezinye ihlabathi zihlukile kakhulu.
| Ihlabathi | Ubude bemini | Ubude beminyaka |
|---|---|---|
| Mercury | 176 Iintsuku zehlabathi | 88 Iintsuku zehlabathi |
| Venus | 117 Iintsuku zehlabathi | 225 Iintsuku zehlabathi |
| Ihlabathi | iiyure ezingama-24 | 365 imihla |
| I-Mars | 24 iiyure nemizuzu engama-40 | 687 Iintsuku zehlabathi |
| Jupiter | 9.9 iiyure | 11.9 Iminyaka yehlabathi |
| Saturn | 10.7 iiyure | 29.4 Iminyaka yehlabathi |
| Uranus | 17.2 iiyure | Iminyaka yeplanethi eyi-84 |
| Neptune | 16.1 iiyure | 164.8 Iminyaka yehlabathi |
Ezinye izimangaliso:
- I-On Mercury, imini enye (ukuvuka kwelanga ukuya kuvuka kwelanga) ihlala iminyaka emibini.
- IVenus ijikeleza ngasemva kwaye ngokucothayo.
- Iiplanethi ezikhulu zijikeleza ngokukhawuleza kunazo zonke, nokuba zikhulu kakhulu.
- A-M_BAR_IsiJamani I-Mars Imini ifana kakhulu neyethu, eyona nto ifanelekileyo kwiqela le-rover emhlabeni.
Sebenzisa indawo yolawulo yokuthelekiswa phantsi kwe-orery ukuthelekiswa naziphi na ihlabathi ezimbini.
Ukuqonda
Zimbini iintlobo zosuku, kwaye utshintsho lubalulekile.
- I- Isilivereamount in units (integer) ijikelezo elinye elilinganiselwe kumacala omabini eentlanga ezide. Ixesha lehlabathi liyiyure ezi-23 iimizuzu emi-56 imizuzwana emi-4.
- Usuku lwelanga luqala ngemini enye ukuya kweyesibini. While Earth spins, it also moves about 1/365 of the way around its orbit, so it has to turn a little extra (about 1 degree) before the Sun is back overhead. Oku kuthatha malunga nemizuzu emi-4 engaphezulu, ukubonelela ngeeyure ezili-24.
Kwiplanethi ezininzi iintsuku ezimbini zifana kakhulu. Kwiimoto ezihamba ngamandla aphantsi zihlukile kakhulu. I-Mercury ijikeleza kabini ngeentsuku ezili-58.6 zehlabathi, kwaye unyaka wayo uneentsuku ezili-88. Izithuthi ezimbini zidityaniswa ukuze ubusuku obunye belanga buthathe iintsuku ezili-176 zehlabathi: ngokuchanekileyo iminyaka emibini yeMercury. I-Mercury ijikeleza ngokuchanekileyo amaxesha amathathu ngemijikelo emibini nganye, isitshixo esibangela ukuba kuqhume amanzi elanga.
I-Venus ijikeleza ezantsi (ijikeleze ezantsi), kabini kwiintsuku zehlabathi ezili-243. Kuba ukujikeleza nokuhamba kweplanethi zihamba ngeendlela ezichaseneyo, zidibanisa kwaye imini yelanga incinane kunexesha lokujikeleza: malunga neentsuku zehlabathi ezingama-117.
Iminyaka ithatha ixesha elide ngokuhamba kwexesha ngenxa yezizathu ezimbini: indlela ithatha ixesha elide, kwaye iplanethi ihamba ngokucothayo. Ihlabathi lihamba ngeekhilomitha ezimalunga ne-29.8/s; iNeptune yimizuzu engama-5.4/s ejikeleza indlela engaphezulu kwexesha eli-30.
Umphathi
Imini yelanga ilandela ukusuka kwisantya se-engile ezimbini. Ngexesha lojikelezo lwesibhakabhaka P_rot (elilahlekileyo le retrograde) kunye nexesha elijikelezayo P_orb, zombini zilinganiselwe kwindlela efanayo:
1 / P_solar = 1 / P_rot − 1 / P_orb
Khangela ihlabathi: 1/0.99727 − 1/365.256 = 1.00274 − 0.00274 = 1.00000 ngosuku, ngoko P_solar = 1 usuku.
Khangela iMercury: 1/58.646 − 1/87.969 = 0.017052 − 0.011368 = 0.005684, ngoko P_solar = 175.9 iintsuku.
Check Venus (retrograde, P_rot = −243.018 days): 1/(−243.018) − 1/224.701 = −0.004115 − 0.004450 = −0.008565, so |P_solar| = 116.75 days. Iphawu lokucima lithetha ukuba ilanga liphuma ngasemntla kwiVenus.
Iminyaka ilandela umthetho wesithathu kaKepler: T² ∝ a³ kuwo onke amaqela elanga. Nge-T kwiminyaka ne-a kwi-au, i-T = a^1.5. I-Neptune kwi a = 30.07 au inika iT = 30.07^1.5 = 164.9 iminyaka, ehambelana nokubona 164.79. Utshintsho oluncinci luvela ekujikelezeni kunye neplanethi ezincinci zemaski, eNewton’s uguqulelo lwemithetho iquka.
Zama
Sebenzisa indawo yolawulo yothelekiso ukufumana ihlabathi enemini ende kunye nehlabathi eneminyaka emifutshane phakathi kweeplanethi. Emva koko uthelekise iVenus' s day neminyaka yayo.
Iingxaki zikhona apho ukufunda kuqhekeka khona.
Uvavanyo olukhawulezayo
3 imibuzo ekhawulezayo. Khetha impendulo ukuze ubone ukuba ulungile na.
-
Iplanethi eyiphi enemini encinane kakhulu?
- A Mercury
- B Ihlabathi
- C Jupiter
- D Neptune
Bonisa impendulo
C. Jupiter IJupiter ijikeleza kabini malunga neeyure ezili-9.9.
-
KwiVenus, yeyiphi engaphezulu?
- A Umhla welanga (ukuvuka kwelanga ukuya kuvuka kwelanga)
- B Iminyaka
- C Zifana
- D iVenus ayinamini
Bonisa impendulo
B. Iminyaka Careful: Venus's year is 224.7 Earth days and its solar day is about 116.8 Earth days, so the year is longer. It is its rotation (243 days) that is longer than its year.
-
Kutheni iiplanethi ezide nelanga zineeminyaka emide?
- A Zijikeleza ngokucothayo
- B Ii-orbit zabo zide kwaye zihamba ngokucothayo
- C Ilanga lithatha ixesha elide ukuwafumana
- D Iiplanethi
Bonisa impendulo
B. Ii-orbit zabo zide kwaye zihamba ngokucothayo Iinjongo zombini zidibanisa: umjikelo omkhulu kunye nesantya esicothayo. Umthetho wesithathu we Kepler ubeka amanani kuwo.
Iilayini Ezigqibekileyo
- Idlala nge-interactive
- Funda isifundo
- Ukwenza isigqibo
- Uthathe isifundo
Phawula isifundo sencwadi eneenkcukacha egqityiweyo ukusigcina kwindlela yakho yokuqhubekeka kule sixhobo.
Isifundo sigqityiwe. Yenziwe kakuhle!
Phezulu Okulandelayo Iinkqubo ze-ECDAmagama kule ncwadi eneenkcukacha
IiNkqubo
- NASA NSSDCA Planetary Fact Sheet (length of day, orbital period)
- JPL SSD: Planetary Physical Parameters (sidereal rotation and orbital periods)
- NASA NSSDCA Planetary Fact Sheet Notes (definitions)
Eli nqaku lilayisensiwe CC BY-SA 4.0.