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Seasons Explorer
Open full pageChii ichi? Nei mwedzi wezhizha uchipisa uye mwedzi wezhizha uchitonhora? Iyo yepasi pevhu yekutenderera axis inowanzoita kuti zuva riite serinenge riri pasi pezuva, uye nenguva yakareba kana pfupi. Iyi kiyi inokuudza kuti chii chinoitika kune chero nzvimbo uye chero zuva.
Maitiro ekuishandisa: Choose your city under "Your place" (or drag the latitude), then drag the date or press a solstice button. Drag the 3D Earth to turn it.
Yako nzvimbo: London
Ona kuti Sun inoita sei panzvimbo yauri kugara, pazuva rawakatora pamusoro.
Mabhurawuza ako achakubvunza iwe kutanga. Nzvimbo yako ichashandiswa chete pane iyi peji, kuti uite zvikwereti. Hachizochengetwa kana kuendeswa chero kupi.
- Kubuda kwezuva
- Kubuda kwezuva
- Kunyangwe
- Sun highest at
- Sun's highest angle
City list: GeoNames (geonames.org), CC BY 4.0. Sunrise, sunset and the Sun's position: formulas of the NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory solar calculator, from J. Meeus, Astronomical Algorithms. Sunrise and sunset are when the top edge of the Sun touches a flat horizon, allowing for the way air bends light, so they give slightly longer days than the geometric figure above. Time zones come from your own browser.
Kukura kwezuva kunoonekwa nechiyero chekutenderera kwezuva (izvo zvinoreva kuti zuva rinofanira kunge riri pedyo nenzvimbo yezuva).
Tarisa izvi
- Choose yako yemuno, wobva wanyora "June solstice" uye "December solstice".Nharaunda: Kunyangwe iwe uchigara kuchamhembe kweEquator, zuva rako rinogona kunge riri pakati pezuva rekumaodzanyemba nezuva rekumabvazuva.
- Choose Quito, paEquator, uye tinya Play.Nharaunda: Kunyangwe zuva richiramba riri pedyo ne12 hrs gore rese, zuva rinomira rakakwira nguva dzese. Panzvimbo dzakatarisana neEquator, masikati anosvika pazuva.
- Choose Reykjavík uye tinya "June solstice".Nharaunda: Zviri kuitika kuti zuva rinenge ramira mushure mechinguvana uye rinomukazve pamberi pe3 am, uye hachisi kugara zvakaipa. Kuchamhembe kweArctic Circle (66.6° N) harisi kudzika zvachose.
- Dzvanya kuti udzore ku 0°, wobva wadzokera ku 90°.Nharaunda: Kana pasina kutendeuka, zuva rinenge riine 12 maawa uye nguva dzese dzinoparara. Kana paine kutendeuka kukuru, seUranus, iyo inotarisa kumashure, nguva dzese dzinova dzakaomarara.
Kusvika kupi kumabvazuva kana kumadokero kweEquator, kubva pa0° kuEquator kusvika 90° kuNorth Pole kana South Pole. London iri pa51.5° N; Sydney iri pa33.9° S.
Kusvika kupi kutenderera kwezuva kunochinja kana tikaenzanisa nenzira yenyika: 23.4°. Kuchinja uku, kwete kudzika kwedu kubva kuzuva, ndiko kuri kuita kuti zvitadzo zvivepo.
More in the glossary →Latitude uko Sun iri straight overhead pazuva repakati pezuva.It swings kubva 23.4 ° N muna June kuti 23.4 ° S muDecember uye back.
More in the glossary →Mazuva maviri egore, pakati pe21 June ne21 December, apo zuva rinenge rasvika kumabvazuva kana kumadokero kwenyika, anopa mazuva akareba uye mafupi.
More in the glossary →Mazuva maviri egore, pakati pe20 March ne22 September, apo zuva riri pamusoro peEquator uye zuva nezuva zviri zvakaenzana.
More in the glossary →Munguva iyo zuva richikwira zvakanyanya muzuva, nguva yezuva iri pasi pezuva. Pazuva rino, nguva inowanzova 12:00, nekuda kwezvinzvimbo zvenguva uye nguva yegore.
Near the poles the Sun can stay up for the whole 24 hours in summer (midnight sun) and stay below the horizon all day in winter (polar night).
Data tafura (text alternative)
| Latitude | Equinox | Solstice yeJune | Solstice yeDecember |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0° N | 12 h | 12 h | 12 h |
| 23.44° N | 12 h | 13.4 h | 10.6 h |
| 40° N | 12 h | 14.8 h | 9.16 h |
| 51.5° N | 12 h | 16.4 h | 7.6 h |
| 60° N | 12 h | 18.5 h | 5.51 h |
| 66.56° N | 12 h | 24 h | 0 h |
| 80° N | 12 h | 24 h | 0 h |
Panguva yezuva, nyika inosvika kumusoro kwezuva pakutanga kwaJanuary, panguva yekuchena kwegore. Saka distance haigone kuva chii chinoita gore rinopisa. Chikonzero chacho ndechekuti ine kuomarara kwe23 degrees, uye izvi zvinochinja zvese.
Zvita zvinouya kubva kutendeuka, kwete kubva kumashure.
Ona
Kufungidzirazve: mumwedzi upi nyika iri pedyo nezuva?
Mukutanga kwaJanuary, mumidhudhudhu yekumadokero kwezhizha. Saka distance haigone kuva chii chinoita gore.
Vanhu vazhinji vanofunga kuti kugara kwegore kunoitika kana nyika ichiuya pedyo nezuva. Hapana. Iyo nyika iri pedyo nezuva munguva yekutanga Chivabvu, iyo inguva yezhizha muEurope, North America uye muchechi mukuru weAsia.
Chikonzero chacho ndechekuti nyika iri kuzvibata. Iyo spin axis inotarisana ne23.4 degrees. Iyo axis inoramba ichiratidza nzira imwechete munzvimbo (kumusoro kweNorth Star) gore rese. Saka:
- Mu June, chikamu chekumabvazuva chenyika chinotarisa kuSun. Mazuva anenge akareba, zuva richikwira pamusoro pevhu, uye kuchamhembe kunopisa. Kuchamhembe kunowana mwedzi wezhizha.
- Mu December, zvinoitika zvakasiyana.
- Mu March uye September, hapana chegumi chine hukuru hwezuva. Mazuva nenguva, zuva nezuva, zuva nezuva. Izvi ndezve equinoxes.
Tarisa Seasons Explorer pamusoro. Dzvanya zuva ne latitude uye ona zvinhu zviviri zvakachinja: kuti Sun inosvika sei pazuva, uye kuti pane nguvai dzezuva.
_Zvinyorwa
Mamwe ma effects anoita kuti mwedzi uite wakaoma:
- Height of the Sun. Kana zuva richikwira, mwanga wayo unobuda pasi zvakananga uye nekudaro pane imwe mita yakati wandei inoita kuti simba rayo riwane simba rakawanda. Kana ichikwira, iyo yakafanana beam inoparadzirwa pamusoro penzvimbo hombe.
- Length of the day. Maawa akawanda ezuva anoreva nguva yakawanda yekutonhora uye mazuva mashoma ekupisa.
Kubva kumaodzanyemba kusvika kuchamhembe kweEquator, mhepo inofamba nesimba rakawandisa. Declination. Inofamba pakati pe +23.44° (solstice yeJune) ne -23.44° (solstice yeDecember) uye inosvika 0° paEquinoxes.
Pazuva rekutanga, kukwira kwezuva pamusoro pehorizonti kunoonekwa se:
noon height = 90° − |latitude − declination|
KuLondon (51.5° N) muna June: 90 − |51.5 − 23.44| = 61.9°. MuDecember: 90 − |51.5 + 23.44| = 15.1°. Izvi zvinokonzera kuti mvura iite seyakaomarara uye ichipisa pasi.
Near the poles chimwe chinhu chinoitika. Kuchamhembe kweArctic Circle (66.56° N) pane nguva imwe chete gore rega rega apo zuva harisi kubuda, uye rimwe zuva risina kubuda.
Munyori
Kusvika pazuva rekutanga, zuva rinotanga kuonekwa kubva kumativi ose enyika, asi mazuva ano anobva aonekwa kubva kumativi ese enyika.
cos H₀ = −tan φ · tan δ, zuva = 2H₀ / 15 hours
ne latitude φ uye declination δ, H₀ mumakore. Kana −tan φ · tan δ ≤ −1, zuva harizomira; kana iri ≥ 1, harizobuda. PaEquator (φ = 0) formula inopa 12 hrs pazuva rimwe nerimwe regore.
Iyi ndiyo geometric zuva. Kunyangwe mazuva ari kukwira, zuva rinogara riri pamusoro pehorizonti kwemakore mazhinji nekuda kwekuti mhepo inobata zuva (refraction, 0.57°) uye nekuti kubuda kwezuva kunoratidzwa nemusoro wezuva, kwete pakati pake (0.27°). Zvinyorwa zvezuva rinobuda zvinoshandisa -0.833° se0°.
Kunyangwe zvazvo kuratidzwa kwezuva kunosiyana kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe, zvinoonekwa kuti kuratidzwa kwezuva kunosiyana kubva kune imwe nyika kuenda kune imwe. Chirongwa ichi chinoshandisa U.S. Naval Observatory’s approximate formula for λ, accurate to about 0.01° this century.
Iyo distance effect ichokwadi asi yakaderera. Panzvimbo yeperihelion (147.1 million km) neaphelion (152.1 million km) mwanga wezuva unosvika panyika unochinja ne(152.1/147.1)² ≈ 1.069, kana kuti 7%. Tilt inochinja mazuva anozuva nezuva pamita imwe chete muLondon nefactor ye sin 61.9° / sin 15.1° ≈ 3.4, uye nguva yezuva nefactor inopfuura maviri.
Tarisa
Set the latitude to where you live. Find the date of your longest day. Then drag the axial tilt slider to 0 degrees: what happens to the seasons? Try 90 degrees too, like Uranus.
Great. Zvipingamupinyi ndezvekuti kudzidza kunoramba kuripo.
Chidzidzo chekukurukura
3 nhanho mibvunzo. Choose mashoko kuti uone kana iwe uri zvakanaka.
-
Chii chinokonzera mwedzi wenyika?
- A Panguva yezhizha, nyika iri pedyo nezuva.
- B Kutenderera kwezuva
- C Mhepo
- D Kuchinja kwezuva
Kuratidza mhinduro
B. Kutenderera kwezuva Panguva yezhizha, nyika inosvika pakukurumidza kusangana nezuva.
-
Pazuva re solstice raJune, ripi rakapedza 24-hours of daylight?
- A Equator
- B London
- C North Pole
- D South Pole
Kuratidza mhinduro
C. North Pole
-
Pazuva reEquinox, ndeipi nguva yezuva panyika (kana tichisiya kutarisisa zvinhu zvinokonzera mhepo)?
- A 12 maawa
- B 24 Hours
- C Izvi zvinoenderana ne longitude
- D 0 maawa
Kuratidza mhinduro
A. 12 maawa
Kusvika pakupera
- Yakatamba neyakaenzana
- Ona dzidziso
- Akakunda chipingamupinyi
- Akatora chidzidzo
. Kuchengeta kuenderera mberi kwebasa pane iyi kifaa, tinya paKunyora.
Chidzidzo chakapera. Yakanaka!
Kumusoro Mazuva emwedziMashoko mubhuku rino
Zvinyorwa
- U.S. Naval Observatory: Approximate Solar Coordinates
- NASA NSSDCA Planetary Fact Sheet (obliquity, perihelion, aphelion)
- JPL SSD: astrodynamic parameters (obliquity of the ecliptic at J2000)
- NASA Space Place: What causes the seasons?
Iyi dzidzo ine mubhadharo CC BY-SA 4.0.