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Orrery
Open full pageSolar system, nhasi. Yese mweya yepasi iri panzvimbo yainogara nhasi, yakagadzirwa kubva NASA JPL's formulas. Tinya kutamba uye nguva ichakurumidza, saka unogona kuona maplaneti achifamba pamusoro pezuva: sezvakati pedyo rudzi rwemaplaneti nezuva, zvinofamba nekukurumidza. Tinya chero nyika kuti uende nayo uye uone kuti inotenderera sei.
Tarisa izvi
Kuverenga kwesimba: maplaneti anoratidzwa akakura kupfuura zvavari uye marefu anodzimwa, kuitira kuti ese maplaneti aite pane imwe skrini. Dzvanya pachokwadi chekuenzanisa kuona chokwadi chekuvhunduka kwenzvimbo.
Maitiro ekuishandisa
- Ona pamusoro
- Dzvanya kuti uite zvizere. Scroll, pinch kana kushandisa + uye - mabhureki kuchinja kuoneka.
- Choose a world
- Tinya kana tinya pa planit kuti uende nayo uye tevera. Uchaona kuti ndeipi nzvimbo iri kure nezuva, uye kubva kunyika, uye kuti inotenderera sei nekukurumidza. Mabhureki earrow anoenda kubva paplaneti kuenda paplaneti; Escape kana bhatani riri pamusoro rinodzokera kumasystem ese.
- _Zvinyorwa
- Kutamba kunosimudza nguva mberi nenguva yawakasarudza. Dzvanya chero zuva, kana tinya nemasvingo anenge pasi pake. Nhasi kunokudzosera kuzuva rino.
- Kukura
- Space iri hombe kwazvo kuti hapana skrini inogona kuratidzwa zvisikwa zvepasi rose uye marefu pakati pavo nechokwadi chekuenzanisa. Kuenzanisa kwakajeka kunowedzera zvisikwa zvepasi rose uye kunodzikisa marefu; kuenzanisa kwakanaka kunoratidza zvese sezvavanoita.
Kuenzanisa marudzi maviri
| Earth | Sun |
|---|
Data tafura (text alternative)
| World | Distance from Sun now | Kufamba kwezuva | Ecliptic longitude |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mercury | 0.4457 kana | 3 min 42 s | 292° |
| Venus | 0.7261 kana | 6 min 2 s | 7.35° |
| Earth | 0.9988 kana | 8 min 18 s | 16.1° |
| Mars | 1.569 kana | 13 min 3 s | 89.6° |
| Jupiter | 5.307 kana | 44 min 8 s | 132° |
| Saturn | 9.432 kana | 1 h 18 min | 11.2° |
| Uranus | 19.43 kana | 2 h 42 min | 62.8° |
| Neptune | 29.88 kana | 4 h 8 min | 2.69° |
Zvinzvimbo zvePlanet zvinoshandiswa neJPL's approximate formulae, zvakajeka kusvika pamaminetsi mashoma e arc pakati pe3000 BC ne3000 AD.
Kana ukatarisa pasi pazuva rakajeka, unenge uchiona kuti zvose zvitadzo zvaunogona kuona nemaoko ako zvinobva kune imwe chete galaxy, iyo Milky Way. Uri kugara pazvidimbu zvematombo, uchitenderera imwe chete yezvakajairika nhamba pakati pemamiriyoni. Iyi dzidzo inowana kuti chii chatinofanira kuita.
Nekuti zvose zvitadzo zvaunogona kuona nemaoko ako zvinobva kuMilky Way.
Ona
Stand kunze pazuva rakajeka. Iyo nzvimbo pasi pemakumbo ako inosanganisira 12,742 km yepasi rakaomarara. Iyo bhokisi, nyika, iri kutenderera kamwe pazuva uye inofamba pamusoro pechiedza, zuva, rimwe gore.
The Sun is so big that about 1.3 million Earths would fit inside it. Iine simba rakakura kwazvo, uye inotora zvikamu zvakawanda zvezvisikwa zvinofamba mumigwagwa yayo: maplanethi, mazuva, ma planethi emakwenzi, ma asteroidi nema kometi. Pamwe, Sun uye zvese zvakachengetwa nekurumbidza kwayo ndezve Solar system.
Mufananidzo uri pamusoro, iyo yakasviba dot mupakati ndiyo Sun. Tinya Play uye ona maplaneti achifamba. Kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana kuti kana.
- Mercury inotora 88 mazuva.
- Indaneti inotora gore rimwe chete.
- Neptune, iyo yakareba kwazvo pasi rose, inotora makore 165.
Isu tinoda kuziva kuti sei mweya unopisa wakaomarara unobva kuzviedza zvedu uchienda kumativi enyika yedu. Milky Way. Pazuva rakaomarara, unogona kuona izvozvo sechiedza chinotaridzika kunge chine simba chakasvibira pasi penyika. Nekuti zvose zvitadzo zvamunoona nemasochi enyu zvinomuitira.
_Zvinyorwa
Mativi mupasi akakura zvikuru kuti makiromita anoita seasina kunaka, saka va Astronomers vanoshandisa marudzi akawanda emaruvara.
Astronomical unit (au) Iyo inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo yakareba kwazvo pakati penyika nezuva. Sekureva kwe2012, ine kukosha kwakanaka: 149,597,870,700 metres, kana kuti 149.6 million km. Nezvo, Solar system inowanzo onekwa seyakajeka:
| World | Kufamba kwezuva |
|---|---|
| Mercury | 0.39 or |
| Earth | 1.00 or |
| Jupiter | 5.2 au |
| Neptune | 30.1 au |
Light-time ndiyo nguva iyo mhepo inofanira kutora kuti iende kure. Ruvara runobva rwafamba ne299,792 km pasekondi, saka:
nguva = distance ÷ speed of light
For 1 au: 149,597,871 km ÷ 299,792 km/s ≈ 499 s, or 8 minutes 19 seconds. Kana ukatarisa kuzuva (kana uchizviona zvakananga, zvinokuvadza maziso ako), unoona mwanga wakabva kwaro maawa makumi maviri nemaviri apfuura. Mazuva anotora maawa makumi maviri nemana kuti asvika kuNeptune.
Zvimwe zviviri zvezuva zvinosvika 9.46 trillion km, kana kuti 63,241 AU. Chiedza chinonakidza kwazvo kutaridzika, Proxima Centauri, chiri pakati pemakore 4.2 ezuva. Iyo Milky Way ine makiromita anenge 100,000 emakore ekuona.
Munyori
The au yakashandiswa kunge yakanyatsoongororwa: yaive yakanyorwa kuburikidza neGaussian gravitational constant, saka iyo urefu hwayo mumita yaiva chinhu astronomers vaifanira kufungidzira. Radar ranging of Venus and spacecraft tracking in the late twentieth century pinned it down to a few metres. Mu 2012 International Astronomical Union yakaita kuti ive nehuwandu hwakavimbika (Resolution B2), saka au ikozvino isiri chete chiyero, semita.
Chimwe chinhu chatinoongorora nechokwadi chekuti chinoshanda nhasi ndechekuenzanisa simba rezuva nesimba remhepo, GM☉ = 1.32712440041 × 10²⁰ m³ s⁻², kubva pakufamba kweplanethi uye zvikepe zvepasi rose. Kugadzirwa kweG × M kunozivikanwa zvakanyanya kupfuura G kana M chete, nekuti G ndiyo imwe yeiyo inenge isina kuzivikanwa nechokwadi mufiziki. Izvi zvinokonzera kuti mabhatiri emagetsi arambe aripo, sezvaunogona kuona mufananidzo uri pasi apa.
Zvimwe zvakaitika:
- Kusvika panzvimbo iyi, nzvimbo yenyika haisi yakafanana. Orbit yenyika ine excentricity ye0.0167, saka iyo distance kubva kuzuva inosiyana kubva pa147.1 million km (kutanga kwaJanuary, perihelion) kusvika 152.1 million km (kutanga kwaJuly, aphelion). Zvita zvisina kukonzerwa neizvozvo: January ndiyo mwedzi wezhizha mukumabvazuva kwepasi. Chikonzero chacho chinotaurwa mubhuku reMazuva.
- Light-time ndiyo yakanyanya kuoma nguva yekugadzira. Kutumira mameseji neradio kune rover paMars kunotora pakati pe3 kusvika 22 maminitsi, zvichienderana nenzvimbo dzese dzepasi rose dziri muorbit dzadzo. Spacecraft kure anofanira kunge achigona kuita pamwechete.
Tarisa
Mubhokisi rezvekuzvarwa, sarudza zuva rako rekuzvarwa. Ndeapi mazita enyika akafanana nezuva rino? Zvino tsvaga zuva iro nyika iri pedyo kwazvo nezuva (kutanga kwaJanuary) uye ona kuomarara kwezuva mumifananidzo yezvinyorwa.
Great. Zvipingamupinyi ndezvekuti kudzidza kunoramba kuripo.
Chidzidzo chekukurukura
3 nhanho mibvunzo. Choose mashoko kuti uone kana iwe uri zvakanaka.
-
Ndiani anoziva kuti mazuva ano ari kukwira sei?
- A 8 masekondi
- B 8 maminitsi 20 masekondi
- C 8 maawa
- D 8 mazuva
Kuratidza mhinduro
B. 8 maminitsi 20 masekondi Iyo nyika iri pamadhora 149.6 miriyoni km kubva kuzuva uye mwanga unofamba 299,792 km pasekondi, saka kufamba kunotora maminetsi 499.
-
Chii chinonzi imwe astronomical unit (au)?
- A Kutenderera kwezuva
- B Iyo distance iyo mwanga unofamba mugore
- C Maererano ne149.6 miriyoni km, zvakaenzana nepakati penzvimbo yenyika-zuva
- D Kufamba kubva kunyika kuenda kumunwe
Kuratidza mhinduro
C. Maererano ne149.6 miriyoni km, zvakaenzana nepakati penzvimbo yenyika-zuva Kubva muna 2012, au yakanyatsozivikanwa se149,597,870,700 metres.
-
Ndeipi chinhu iine yakazara masendimita eiyo solar system?
- A Jupiter
- B The Sun
- C Earth
- D Asteroid belt
Kuratidza mhinduro
B. The Sun The Sun is about 1,000 times as massive as Jupiter and 333,000 times as massive as Earth.
Kusvika pakupera
- Yakatamba neyakaenzana
- Ona dzidziso
- Akakunda chipingamupinyi
- Akatora chidzidzo
. Kuchengeta kuenderera mberi kwebasa pane iyi kifaa, tinya paKunyora.
Chidzidzo chakapera. Yakanaka!
Kumusoro A walk from the Sun to NeptuneMashoko mubhuku rino
Zvinyorwa
- NASA NSSDCA Sun Fact Sheet
- NASA NSSDCA Planetary Fact Sheet
- JPL Solar System Dynamics: astrodynamic parameters (astronomical unit, speed of light)
- IAU 2012 Resolution B2 on the astronomical unit (IAU list of resolutions)
- NASA Science: Milky Way galaxy
Iyi dzidzo ine mubhadharo CC BY-SA 4.0.